Wilson Joanna Y, Wells Randall, Aguilar Alex, Borrell Asuncion, Tornero Victoria, Reijnders Peter, Moore Michael, Stegeman John J
Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA.
Toxicol Sci. 2007 May;97(1):111-9. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm031. Epub 2007 Feb 25.
Integument biopsy is a nondestructive method for sampling free-ranging cetaceans, which allows for the determination of both contaminant concentrations and biomarker responses. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) expression is induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and planar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as the non-ortho and mono-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). CYP1A induction has been used extensively as a biomarker of exposure to such compounds in vertebrates. We measured PCB concentrations and CYP1A1 expression in integument biopsies from bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) resident in Sarasota Bay, FL. This population of dolphins has been the subject of long-term population and health assessment, affording the opportunity to evaluate the influence of age, sex, and reproductive status on CYP1A1 expression. CYP1A1 expression was seen in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, and nerve cells in the dermis, similar to what has been observed in other cetacean species. Endothelial CYP1A1 expression varied along the length of the biopsy, which could be related to differences in the structure and functionality of the blubber in different parts of the integument. Neither age nor sex was related to CYP1A1 expression in these biopsies, and reproductive status did not relate to levels of CYP1A1 in females. Total PCB and toxic equivalent quotient concentrations in blubber were positively correlated with dermal endothelial CYP1A1 expression, although Sigmamono-ortho PCBs concentrations did not show this relationship. Contaminant concentrations appear to be stronger determinants of CYP1A1 expression in integument of these dolphins, than are age, sex, or reproductive status.
皮肤活检是一种对自由生活的鲸类动物进行采样的非破坏性方法，它能够同时测定污染物浓度和生物标志物反应。细胞色素P450 1A1（CYP1A1）的表达可由多环芳烃和平面卤代芳烃诱导，如非邻位和单邻位多氯联苯（PCBs）。CYP1A诱导已被广泛用作脊椎动物接触此类化合物的生物标志物。我们测量了佛罗里达州萨拉索塔湾的宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）皮肤活检样本中的PCB浓度和CYP1A1表达。这群海豚一直是长期种群和健康评估的对象，这为评估年龄、性别和生殖状态对CYP1A1表达的影响提供了机会。在真皮的内皮细胞、血管平滑肌和神经细胞中可见CYP1A1表达，这与在其他鲸类物种中观察到的情况相似。内皮CYP1A1表达在活检样本的长度上有所变化，这可能与皮肤不同部位脂肪层的结构和功能差异有关。在这些活检样本中，年龄和性别均与CYP1A1表达无关，生殖状态与雌性的CYP1A1水平也无关。尽管单邻位PCBs浓度未显示出这种关系，但脂肪层中的总PCB和毒性当量商浓度与真皮内皮CYP1A1表达呈正相关。对于这些海豚的皮肤，污染物浓度似乎比年龄、性别或生殖状态更能决定CYP1A1的表达。
