Kalinowski Joseph, Saltuklaroglu Tim, Stuart Andrew, Guntupalli Vijaya K
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2007 Feb;16(1):69-76; author reply 77-83. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2007/009).
To refute the alleged practice of "pseudoscience" by P. Finn, A. K. Bothe, and R. E. Bramlett (2005) and to illustrate their experimental and systematic bias when evaluating the SpeechEasy, an altered auditory feedback device used in the management of stuttering.
We challenged the experimental design that led to the seemingly predetermined outcome of pseudoscience rather than science: Limited preselected literature was submitted to a purposely sampled panel of judges (i.e., their own students). Each criterion deemed pseudoscientific was contested with published peer-reviewed data illustrating the importance of good rhetoric, testability, and logical outcomes from decades of scientific research.
Stuttering is an involuntary disorder that is highly resistant to therapy. Altered auditory feedback is a derivation of choral speech (nature's most powerful stuttering "inhibitor") that can be synergistically combined with other methods for optimal stuttering inhibition. This approach is logical considering that in stuttering no single treatment is universally helpful. Also, caution is suggested when attempting to differentiate science from pseudoscience in stuttering treatments using the criteria employed by Finn et al. For example, evaluating behavioral therapy outcomes implements a post hoc or untestable system. Speech outcome (i.e., stuttered or fluent speech) determines success or failure of technique use, placing responsibility for failure on those who stutter.
驳斥P. 芬恩、A. K. 博特和R. E. 布拉姆利特（2005年）所谓的“伪科学”做法，并说明他们在评估用于口吃治疗的听觉反馈装置SpeechEasy时的实验性和系统性偏差。
我们对导致看似预先确定的伪科学而非科学结果的实验设计提出质疑：将有限的预先选定文献提交给一个特意挑选的评审小组（即他们自己的学生）。对于每个被视为伪科学的标准，我们都用已发表的同行评审数据进行反驳，这些数据说明了良好的修辞、可测试性以及数十年来科学研究的逻辑结果的重要性。
口吃是一种对治疗高度抗拒的非自愿性障碍。改变听觉反馈是合唱言语（自然界最强大的口吃“抑制剂”）的一种衍生形式，可以与其他方法协同结合以实现最佳的口吃抑制效果。考虑到在口吃治疗中没有单一的治疗方法普遍有效，这种方法是合乎逻辑的。此外，在使用芬恩等人采用的标准来区分口吃治疗中的科学与伪科学时，建议谨慎行事。例如，评估行为治疗结果采用的是事后或不可测试的系统。言语结果（即口吃或流利言语）决定了技术使用的成功或失败，将失败的责任归咎于口吃者。
