Sokhadze Estate M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 500 Preston Street, Bldg. A., Suite 210, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2007 Mar;32(1):31-50. doi: 10.1007/s10484-007-9033-y.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of music and white noise on the recovery of physiological measures after stressful visual stimulation. Twenty-nine participants took part in the experiment. Visual stimulation with slides eliciting disgust was followed by subjectively pleasant music, sad music, and white noise in three consecutive sessions. The spectral power of the frontal and temporal EEG, skin conductance, heart rate, heart period variability, facial capillary blood flow, and respiration rate were recorded and analyzed. Aversive visual stimulation evoked heart rate deceleration, increased high frequency component of heart period variability, increased skin conductance level and skin conductance response frequency, decreased facial blood flow and velocity, decreased temporal slow alpha and increased frontal fast beta power in all three sessions. Both subjectively pleasant and sad music led to the restoration of baseline levels on most parameters; while white noise did not enhance the recovery process. The effects of pleasant music on post-stress recovery, when compared to white noise, were significantly different on heart rate, respiration rate, and peripheral blood flow. Both positive and negative music exerted positive modulatory effects on cardiovascular and respiratory activity, namely increased heart rate, balanced heart period variability, increased vascular blood flow and respiration rate during the post-stress recovery. Data only partially supported the "undoing" hypothesis, which states that positive emotions may facilitate the process of physiological recovery following negative emotions.
本研究的目的是比较音乐和白噪声对压力性视觉刺激后生理指标恢复的影响。29名参与者参加了该实验。在连续三个阶段中，用引发厌恶的幻灯片进行视觉刺激后，依次播放主观上愉悦的音乐、悲伤的音乐和白噪声。记录并分析额叶和颞叶脑电图的频谱功率、皮肤电导率、心率、心动周期变异性、面部毛细血管血流量和呼吸频率。在所有三个阶段中，厌恶视觉刺激均引起心率减慢、心动周期变异性高频成分增加、皮肤电导率水平和皮肤电导率反应频率增加、面部血流量和速度降低、颞叶慢α波减少以及额叶快β波功率增加。主观上愉悦和悲伤的音乐都使大多数参数恢复到基线水平；而白噪声并未促进恢复过程。与白噪声相比，愉悦音乐对压力后恢复的影响在心率、呼吸频率和外周血流量方面存在显著差异。积极和消极音乐对心血管和呼吸活动均产生积极的调节作用，即在压力后恢复期间心率增加、心动周期变异性平衡、血管血流量和呼吸频率增加。数据仅部分支持“消除”假说，该假说认为积极情绪可能有助于负面情绪后的生理恢复过程。
