Tsao Henry, Hodges Paul W
Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008 Aug;18(4):559-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.10.012. Epub 2007 Mar 2.
This study investigated long-term effects of training on postural control using the model of deficits in activation of transversus abdominis (TrA) in people with recurrent low back pain (LBP). Nine volunteers with LBP attended four sessions for assessment and/or training (initial, two weeks, four weeks and six months). Training of repeated isolated voluntary TrA contractions were performed at the initial and two-week session with feedback from real-time ultrasound imaging. Home program involved training twice daily for four weeks. Electromyographic activity (EMG) of trunk and deltoid muscles was recorded with surface and fine-wire electrodes. Rapid arm movement and walking were performed at each session, and immediately after training on the first two sessions. Onset of trunk muscle activation relative to prime mover deltoid during arm movements, and the coefficient of variation (CV) of EMG during averaged gait cycle were calculated. Over four weeks of training, onset of TrA EMG was earlier during arm movements and CV of TrA EMG was reduced (consistent with more sustained EMG activity). Changes were retained at six months follow-up (p<0.05). These results show persistence of motor control changes following training and demonstrate that this training approach leads to motor learning of automatic postural control strategies.
本研究采用复发性下腰痛（LBP）患者腹横肌（TrA）激活不足模型，调查了训练对姿势控制的长期影响。九名LBP志愿者参加了四次评估和/或训练课程（初始、两周、四周和六个月）。在初始和两周课程中，在实时超声成像反馈下进行重复的孤立性TrA自主收缩训练。家庭训练计划包括每天训练两次，持续四周。使用表面电极和细线电极记录躯干和三角肌的肌电图活动（EMG）。在每个课程期间以及在前两个课程训练后立即进行快速手臂运动和步行。计算手臂运动期间相对于主要运动肌三角肌的躯干肌肉激活起始时间，以及平均步态周期内EMG的变异系数（CV）。经过四周的训练，手臂运动期间TrA EMG的起始时间提前，TrA EMG的CV降低（与更持续的EMG活动一致）。在六个月的随访中，这些变化得以保留（p<0.05）。这些结果表明训练后运动控制变化具有持续性，并证明这种训练方法可导致自动姿势控制策略的运动学习。
