Fedorova V A, Devdariani Z L
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 2007(1):13-21.
The ability of Yersinia pestis to get inside human and murine red blood cells (RBC) was found both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Due to oxidase and catalase activities, the microorganisms induced the denaturation of hemoglobin (Hb) through RBC oxidation to H2O2 in high concentration providing the formation of haemin and transformation of haem Fe2+ into the utilizable form, Fe3+. This phenomenon was found to be common in vitro for all Y. pestis strains used in the study independently of Pgm phenotype and plasmid content, including vaccine Pgm(-) Y. pestis EV NIIEG and plasmidless Pgm(+) Y. pestis PKR-133 stains. This, probably, allows the bacteria to use Hb as an essential source of iron and porphyrins for de novo synthesis of DNA followed by effective multiplication in the mammalian organism. A correlation between the loss of the ability of RBC to transport O2 to organs and tissues and the development of progressive tissue hypoxia with specific clinical features of metHb accumulation and haemorrhagic syndrome was shown. The participation of Y. pestis phospholipases (A and D) in the destruction of RBC membranes and translocation of plague bacilli into RBC, as well as the phenomenon of polysaccharide chain lengthening depending on cultivation conditions of Y. pestis bacteria, are discussed.
在体内和体外实验中均发现了鼠疫耶尔森菌进入人和鼠红细胞（RBC）的能力。由于氧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，这些微生物通过将红细胞氧化为高浓度的H2O2诱导血红蛋白（Hb）变性，从而形成血红素并将血红素Fe2+转化为可利用的形式Fe3+。研究发现，这一现象在体外对于该研究中使用的所有鼠疫耶尔森菌菌株均很常见，与Pgm表型和质粒含量无关，包括疫苗株Pgm(-)鼠疫耶尔森菌EV NIIEG和无质粒的Pgm(+)鼠疫耶尔森菌PKR-133菌株。这可能使细菌能够将Hb用作铁和卟啉的重要来源，用于DNA的从头合成，随后在哺乳动物体内有效繁殖。研究表明，红细胞向器官和组织输送O2的能力丧失与进行性组织缺氧的发展之间存在相关性，伴有高铁血红蛋白积累和出血综合征的特定临床特征。文中还讨论了鼠疫耶尔森菌磷脂酶（A和D）在红细胞膜破坏和鼠疫杆菌向红细胞内转运中的作用，以及多糖链长度随鼠疫耶尔森菌培养条件变化的现象。
