Holick Crystal N, Giovannucci Edward L, Rosner Bernard, Stampfer Meir J, Michaud Dominique S
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):877-86. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/85.3.877.
Nutrients in dietary fruit and vegetables have been hypothesized to lower the risk of glioma by reducing the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds. Studies examining fruit and vegetable consumption and brain tumors have relied on case-control study designs, with one exception, and results have been inconsistent.
We prospectively examined the relation between consumption of fruit and vegetables (and specifically carotenoids) and the risk of glioma among men and women in 3 large US cohort studies: the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), the Nurses' Health Study I (NHS I), and NHS II.
Dietary intake was assessed by food-frequency questionnaires obtained at baseline and updated every 4 y through 2002 (HPFS and NHS I) or 2003 (NHS II). We identified 296 incident adult gliomas during 3 669 589 person-years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95% CIs between intake of fruit, vegetables, and carotenoids and glioma risk, with adjustment for age and total caloric intake.
Updated average consumption of total fruit and vegetables was not significantly associated with glioma risk in the men and women (pooled multivariate RR in a comparison of the highest with the lowest quintile: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.69). Other fruit and vegetable subgroups, individual fruit and vegetables, and 5 major carotenoids were not significantly associated with risk of glioma.
Our findings suggest that fruit, vegetable, and carotenoid consumption is not likely associated strongly with the risk of adult glioma.
有假设认为，膳食中的水果和蔬菜所含营养物质可通过减少内源性N-亚硝基化合物的形成来降低患神经胶质瘤的风险。除一项研究外，其他调查水果和蔬菜摄入量与脑肿瘤关系的研究均采用病例对照研究设计，且结果并不一致。
在三项美国大型队列研究中，即卫生专业人员随访研究（HPFS）、护士健康研究I（NHS I）和护士健康研究II（NHS II），前瞻性地研究水果和蔬菜（特别是类胡萝卜素）的摄入量与男性和女性患神经胶质瘤风险之间的关系。
通过基线时获得的食物频率问卷评估膳食摄入量，并在2002年（HPFS和NHS I）或2003年（NHS II）之前每4年更新一次。在3669589人年的随访期间，我们确定了296例成人神经胶质瘤病例。采用Cox比例风险模型估计水果、蔬菜和类胡萝卜素摄入量与神经胶质瘤风险之间的发病率比值（RR）和95%可信区间（CI），并对年龄和总热量摄入进行调整。
水果和蔬菜的更新平均摄入量与男性和女性的神经胶质瘤风险无显著相关性（最高五分位数与最低五分位数比较的合并多变量RR：1.12；95%CI：0.74，1.69）。其他水果和蔬菜亚组、单一水果和蔬菜以及5种主要类胡萝卜素与神经胶质瘤风险均无显著相关性。
我们的研究结果表明，水果、蔬菜和类胡萝卜素的摄入量不太可能与成人神经胶质瘤风险密切相关。
