Delgado Mauricio R
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 May;1104:70-88. doi: 10.1196/annals.1390.002. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
Much of our knowledge of how reward information is processed in the brain comes from a rich animal literature. Recently, the advancement of neuroimaging techniques has allowed researchers to extend such investigations to the human brain. A common finding across species and methodologies is the involvement of the striatum, the input structure of the basal ganglia, in a circuit responsible for mediating goal-directed behavior. Central to this idea is the role of the striatum in the processing of affective stimuli, such as rewards and punishments. The goal of this article is to probe the human reward circuit, specifically the striatum and its subdivisions, with an emphasis on how the affective properties of outcomes or feedback influence the underlying neural activity and subsequent decision making. Discussion will first focus on anatomical and functional considerations regarding the striatum that have emerged from animal models. The rest of the article will center on how human neuroimaging studies map to findings from the animal literature, and how more recently, this research can be extended into the social and economic domains.
我们对大脑如何处理奖励信息的许多了解都来自丰富的动物研究文献。最近，神经成像技术的进步使研究人员能够将此类研究扩展到人类大脑。跨物种和方法的一个共同发现是，基底神经节的输入结构——纹状体参与了一个负责介导目标导向行为的神经回路。这一观点的核心是纹状体在处理诸如奖励和惩罚等情感刺激中的作用。本文的目的是探究人类奖励回路，特别是纹状体及其亚区，重点是结果或反馈的情感属性如何影响潜在的神经活动和随后的决策。讨论将首先聚焦于从动物模型中得出的关于纹状体的解剖学和功能方面的考量。本文的其余部分将围绕人类神经成像研究如何与动物研究文献的发现相映射，以及最近如何将这项研究扩展到社会和经济领域展开。
