Yan-Hong Li, Rahim Yousif, Wei Lu, Gui-Xiang Song, Yan Yu, De Ding Zhou, Sheng-Nian Zhang, Shun-Fu Zhou, Shao-Ming Chen, Bing-Jie Yang
Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 Zhong Shan West Road, Shanghai, China.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2006 Dec;13(4):217-25. doi: 10.1080/17457300600580779.
In China, traffic-related injuries are often treated as transportation issues, called 'accidents'. The objectives of the research are to analyse traffic injury patterns, estimate costs of traffic injuries and provide evidence to develop effective prevention strategies. There were over 1 500 deaths due to traffic-related injuries annually in Shanghai from 1987 to 2003, and it is rising year by year with the rate of growth in motorization. The rates of annual increase are 3.59% in fatalities (from 7.78 to 14.18 per 100000 population) and 10.46% in non-fatalities (from 53.93 to 264.98 per 100000 population) respectively during the period. The analysis of the geographic information system showed that the geographic distribution of traffic injuries in the countryside regions of Shanghai had the highest rates. Labour force groups represented the majority of fatalities (70.97%) and serious traffic injuries (90.51%). The mortality rates were 18.40 per 100000 population and 10.02 per 100000 population in 45-65 year age group and 15-44 year age group respectively; the morbidity rates of serious traffic injuries were 121.60 per 100000 population and 70.46 per 100000 population in the same groups respectively. And females generally showed a lower incidence than males. In general, fatalities and injuries were higher for drivers, bicyclists and pedestrians. Among road traffic injury-related fatalities, 66.8% were attributed to head injuries. Of those with fatal head injuries, bicyclists accounted for 29.8% of the total; pedestrians accounted for 28.3%; motorcyclists accounted for 25.5%. Total traffic injury cost was estimated at least US $645989580 in Shanghai in 2003. Good injury intervention programmes need to be done as soon as possible to effectively reduce traffic injury burden in Shanghai, China.
在中国，与交通相关的伤害通常被视为交通问题，称为“事故”。本研究的目的是分析交通伤害模式，估算交通伤害成本，并为制定有效的预防策略提供依据。1987年至2003年期间，上海每年有超过1500人死于与交通相关的伤害，且随着机动车化率的增长逐年上升。在此期间，死亡率的年增长率为3.59%（从每10万人7.78人增至14.18人），非致命伤害率的年增长率为10.46%（从每10万人53.93人增至264.98人）。地理信息系统分析表明，上海农村地区交通伤害的地理分布率最高。劳动力群体占死亡人数的大多数（70.97%）和严重交通伤害的大多数（90.51%）。45 - 65岁年龄组和15 - 44岁年龄组的死亡率分别为每10万人18.40人和10.02人；相同年龄组严重交通伤害的发病率分别为每10万人121.60人和70.46人。而且女性的发病率普遍低于男性。总体而言，司机、骑自行车的人和行人的死亡和受伤人数较多。在与道路交通伤害相关的死亡中，66.8%归因于头部受伤。在致命头部受伤者中，骑自行车的人占总数的29.8%；行人占28.3%；摩托车手占25.5%。2003年上海交通伤害总成本估计至少为6.4598958亿美元。需要尽快开展良好的伤害干预项目，以有效减轻中国上海的交通伤害负担。
