Taylor Jennifer P, Maclellan Debbie L, van Til Linda, Sweet Lamont
Department of Family and Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE.
Can J Diet Pract Res. 2007 Spring;68(1):23-9. doi: 10.3148/68.1.2007.23.
The prevalence of micronutrient inadequacies was assessed among adult residents of Prince Edward Island (PEI) in the PEI Nutrition Survey.
A peer-reviewed protocol was used in this cross-sectional survey, in which 24-hour recalls were administered during in-home interviews. A stratified random sample of 1,995 adults aged 18 to 74 participated. Median nutrient intakes with and without supplements were calculated; intakes were adjusted for day-to-day variability. Chi-square testing was used to assess differences in prevalence of inadequacy by age and sex.
Most of the sample (more than 90%) had folate intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). Magnesium and vitamin C intakes were low in more than 50% of the sample. Iron intakes were adequate in all groups except women aged 19 to 50, 29% of whom had intakes below the EAR. Women were more likely than men to have inadequate intakes. Median calcium intakes fell below recommendations for all age and sex groups. Supplement use had little impact on dietary adequacy in this sample.
This study underscores the need for public health interventions designed to reduce the very high prevalence of nutrient inadequacies in the PEI adult population. In addition, education is needed on the selection of appropriate vitamin and mineral supplements.
在爱德华王子岛营养调查中评估爱德华王子岛成年居民中微量营养素摄入不足的患病率。
本横断面调查采用了经过同行评审的方案，通过在家中访谈进行24小时膳食回顾。1995名年龄在18至74岁的成年人参与了分层随机抽样。计算了补充剂摄入和未摄入情况下的营养素摄入量中位数；摄入量针对每日变异性进行了调整。采用卡方检验评估年龄和性别在摄入不足患病率方面的差异。
大多数样本（超过90%）的叶酸摄入量低于估计平均需求量（EAR）。超过50%的样本镁和维生素C摄入量较低。除19至50岁女性外，所有组的铁摄入量均充足，其中29%的女性摄入量低于EAR。女性比男性更有可能摄入不足。所有年龄和性别组的钙摄入量中位数均低于推荐值。在该样本中，补充剂的使用对膳食充足性影响不大。
本研究强调需要开展公共卫生干预措施，以降低爱德华王子岛成年人群中营养素摄入不足的高患病率。此外，需要对选择合适的维生素和矿物质补充剂进行教育。
