Foltin R W, Rolls B J, Moran T H, Kelly T H, McNelis A L, Fischman M W
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Feb;55(2):331-42. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/55.2.331.
Six subjects participated in a residential study assessing the effects of covert macronutrient and energy manipulations during three required-eating occasions (breakfast, lunch, and afternoon snack) on total macronutrient and energy intakes. Overall, energy content of the occasions varied between approximately 3000 and approximately 7000 kJ (approximately 700 and approximately 1700 kcal) with the majority of the differential derived from either fat or carbohydrate (CHO). Each condition (high, medium, and low fat; high, medium, and low CHO; and no required eating) was examined for 2 d. Subjects compensated for the energy content of the required occasions such that only under the low-CHO condition (11,297 +/- 3314 kJ) was total daily energy intake lower than that observed in the absence of required occasions (13,297 +/- 1356 kJ). Only total energy intake under the high-fat condition (12,326 +/- 2548 kJ) was significantly different from its matched CHO condition (high-CHO condition: 14,665 +/- 2686 kJ). In contrast to the clear evidence for caloric compensation, there were no differential effects of condition on macronutrient intake, ie, there was no macronutrient compensation.
六名受试者参与了一项住院研究，该研究评估了在三次规定进食场合（早餐、午餐和下午点心）期间，隐蔽的常量营养素和能量操纵对总常量营养素和能量摄入量的影响。总体而言，这些场合的能量含量在约3000至约7000千焦（约700至约1700千卡）之间变化，大部分差异来自脂肪或碳水化合物（CHO）。每种情况（高脂肪、中脂肪和低脂肪；高碳水化合物、中碳水化合物和低碳水化合物；以及无规定进食）均进行了为期2天的研究。受试者对规定场合的能量含量进行了补偿，以至于只有在低碳水化合物情况（11297±3314千焦）下，每日总能量摄入量才低于在无规定进食场合下观察到的摄入量（13297±1356千焦）。只有高脂肪情况下的总能量摄入量（12326±2548千焦）与其匹配的碳水化合物情况（高碳水化合物情况：14665±2686千焦）有显著差异。与热量补偿的明确证据相反，不同情况对常量营养素摄入量没有差异影响，即不存在常量营养素补偿。
