Accinelli Cesare, Koskinen William C, Becker Joanna M, Sadowsky Michael J
Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Apr 4;55(7):2677-82. doi: 10.1021/jf063709j. Epub 2007 Mar 10.
Veterinary antimicrobial agents have been detected in a number of environmental samples, including agricultural soils. In this study, we investigated the persistence and sorption of the sulfonamides sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sulfachloropyridine (SCP) in soil and their potential effects on soil microorganisms. The sulfonamides dissipated more rapidly from the silt loam soil as compared to the sandy soil. Average half-lives of SMZ and SPC among the two soils were 18.6 and 21.3 days, respectively. The presence of liquid swine slurry (5% v/w) decreased sulfonamide persistence in the silt loam soil. The lower persistence of the antimicrobials in liquid swine slurry-amended soil was likely due to higher microbial activity, as compared to unamended soil, and/or to the greater bioavailability of the sulfonamides to degrading microorganisms, as estimated by sorption isotherms. Concentrations of SMZ and SPC up to 100 microg g-1 had no effect on antimicrobial degradation rates and soil microorganisms. These studies suggest that higher sulfonamide concentrations would be necessary to affect the main processes controlling their environmental fates in soil, but at the concentrations normally found in the environment, there would be little or no effects.
在包括农业土壤在内的许多环境样本中都检测到了兽用抗菌剂。在本研究中，我们调查了磺胺二甲嘧啶（SMZ）和磺胺氯吡啶（SCP）在土壤中的持久性和吸附情况及其对土壤微生物的潜在影响。与砂土相比，磺胺类药物在粉质壤土中的消散速度更快。两种土壤中SMZ和SPC的平均半衰期分别为18.6天和21.3天。液态猪粪（5% v/w）的存在降低了磺胺类药物在粉质壤土中的持久性。与未改良土壤相比，抗菌剂在液态猪粪改良土壤中较低的持久性可能是由于较高的微生物活性，和/或如吸附等温线所估计的，磺胺类药物对降解微生物的生物利用度更高。高达100μg g-1的SMZ和SPC浓度对抗菌剂降解率和土壤微生物没有影响。这些研究表明，需要更高的磺胺类药物浓度才能影响控制其在土壤中环境归宿的主要过程，但在环境中通常发现的浓度下，几乎没有影响或没有影响。
