Svejstrup Jesper Q
Clare Hall Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, South Mimms, London EN6 3LD, UK.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2007 Apr;32(4):165-71. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2007.02.005. Epub 2007 Mar 8.
Studies of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcript elongation have revealed an extremely complex biochemical process. Obstacles to transcription, such as nucleosomes and DNA damage, must be overcome constantly, requiring the involvement of numerous accessory factors with diverse functions. Together, these factors ensure that transcript elongation is, overall, a highly efficient reaction. The understanding of the basic biochemical principles and factors underlying transcript elongation by RNAPII has greatly improved over the past few years. In particular, studies of RNAPII ubiquitylation and degradation have provided new insight into how cells handle obstacle-induced transcriptional arrest.
对RNA聚合酶II（RNAPII）转录延伸的研究揭示了一个极其复杂的生化过程。转录过程中的障碍，如核小体和DNA损伤，必须不断被克服，这需要众多具有不同功能的辅助因子参与。这些因子共同作用，确保转录延伸总体上是一个高效的反应。在过去几年里，对RNAPII转录延伸的基本生化原理和相关因子的理解有了很大提高。特别是，对RNAPII泛素化和降解的研究为细胞如何处理障碍诱导的转录停滞提供了新的见解。
