Krüger C, Greten T F, Korangy F
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Histol Histopathol. 2007 Jun;22(6):687-96. doi: 10.14670/HH-22.687.
Immunotherapy of cancer has become a more promising approach in the past decade. Developments in both basic immunology and tumor biology have increased our knowledge of the interactions between the tumor cells and the immune system. The molecular identification of tumor-associated antigens and understanding of immunological pathways have cleared the way for development of different strategies for anti-tumor vaccines. The success of any cancer vaccine relies on the induction of an effective tumor-specific immune response to break tolerance and to elicit a long lasting anti-tumor immunity. It is also increasingly clear that the interactions of host-tumor are quite complicated leading to tumor escape mechanisms, which add another level of difficulty to this interaction. This review will summarize the recent developments in tumor immunotherapy as well as the clinical trials addressing novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
在过去十年中，癌症免疫疗法已成为一种更具前景的方法。基础免疫学和肿瘤生物学的发展增进了我们对肿瘤细胞与免疫系统之间相互作用的了解。肿瘤相关抗原的分子鉴定以及对免疫途径的理解为抗肿瘤疫苗不同策略的开发铺平了道路。任何癌症疫苗的成功都依赖于诱导有效的肿瘤特异性免疫反应以打破免疫耐受并引发持久的抗肿瘤免疫力。同样越来越清楚的是，宿主与肿瘤之间的相互作用非常复杂，导致肿瘤逃逸机制，这给这种相互作用增加了另一层难度。本综述将总结肿瘤免疫疗法的最新进展以及针对癌症新型免疫治疗方法的临床试验。
