Blümer N, Sel S, Virna S, Patrascan C C, Zimmermann S, Herz U, Renz H, Garn H
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of the Phillips University of Marburg, Berlin, Germany.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 Mar;37(3):348-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02671.x.
Clinical studies indicate that maternal exposure to probiotic bacteria may protect from the development of allergic disease later in life.
The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of a perinatal Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) supplementation on the development of allergic disorders in offspring.
Female BALB/c mice received intragastric LGG every other day before conception, during pregnancy and lactation (perinatal supplementation group) or before conception and during pregnancy only (prenatal supplementation group). Cytokine expression of placental tissues was examined. Offspring of LGG-supplemented and sham-exposed mothers were sensitized to Ovalbumin (OVA), followed by aerosol allergen challenges. Development of experimental asthma was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, lung histology and lung function measurement. Cytokine production of splenic mononuclear cells was analysed following in vitro stimulation.
Intestinal colonization with LGG was observed in mother mice only, but not in the offspring. However, a reduced expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-5 as well as IL-10 was observed in mice derived from perinatally LGG-supplemented mothers, whereas IL-13 and IL-4 expression remained unchanged. Moreover, in offspring of prenatally or perinatally LGG-supplemented mothers allergic airway and peribronchial inflammation as well as goblet cell hyperplasia were significantly reduced as compared with mice derived from non-supplemented mothers. In contrast, airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine was not affected. Exposure to LGG during pregnancy only shifted the placental cytokine expression pattern with a markedly increased TNF-alpha level.
Our data suggest that LGG may exert beneficial effects on the development of experimental allergic asthma, when applied in a very early phase of life. Immunological effects are, at least in parts, mediated via the placenta, probably by induction of pro-inflammatory cell signals.
临床研究表明，孕期接触益生菌可能预防子代日后发生过敏性疾病。
本研究旨在分析围产期补充鼠李糖乳杆菌GG（LGG）对子代过敏性疾病发生发展的影响。
雌性BALB/c小鼠在受孕前、孕期和哺乳期每隔一天接受一次LGG灌胃（围产期补充组），或仅在受孕前和孕期接受LGG灌胃（产前补充组）。检测胎盘组织的细胞因子表达。对补充LGG和假暴露母亲的子代进行卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏，随后进行气溶胶过敏原激发。通过支气管肺泡灌洗分析、肺组织学检查和肺功能测量评估实验性哮喘的发展。体外刺激后分析脾单核细胞的细胞因子产生情况。
仅在母鼠中观察到LGG在肠道的定植，子代中未观察到。然而，围产期补充LGG的母鼠所产小鼠中，肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-5（IL-5）以及白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的表达降低，而白细胞介素-13（IL-13）和白细胞介素-4（IL-4）的表达未改变。此外，与未补充LGG的母鼠所产小鼠相比，产前或围产期补充LGG的母鼠所产子代的过敏性气道和支气管周围炎症以及杯状细胞增生明显减轻。相比之下，对乙酰甲胆碱的气道高反应性未受影响。仅在孕期接触LGG会改变胎盘细胞因子表达模式，TNF-α水平显著升高。
我们的数据表明，LGG在生命的极早期应用时，可能对实验性过敏性哮喘的发展产生有益影响。免疫效应至少部分是通过胎盘介导的，可能是通过诱导促炎细胞信号实现的。
