Wellesley D G, Hockey K A, Montgomery P D, Stanley F J
Authority for Intellectually Handicapped Persons, West Perth, WA.
Med J Aust. 1992 Jan 20;156(2):94-6, 100, 102.
To produce comprehensive community based data on individuals with intellectual handicap, the level of retardation, associated handicaps and demographic data.
Multiple sources of ascertainment were used to identify all children in birth cohorts, 1967-1976 inclusive, who had an IQ less than 70.
The majority of cases were ascertained through Western Australian government agencies that provide services for the intellectually handicapped. Other sources included the support branch of the education department, private schools and the children's hospital.
In all, 1602 children, aged between 6 and 16 years, fitted the study criteria.
The prevalence of intellectual handicap was found to be 8.9 per 1000 live male births and 6.3 per 1000 live female births with an overall rate of 7.6. The figures for mild, moderate, severe and profound retardation were 3.0, 2.4, 1.0 and 0.6 per 1000, respectively, with 0.8 per 1000 with an unknown IQ. Cerebral palsy occurred in 20% and epilepsy in 13% in addition to intellectual handicap. There was a significantly higher rate among those from rural compared with urban areas: 9.9 v. 6.5 per 1000 live births, respectively.
This comprehensive epidemiological data on intellectual handicap in Western Australia will be of value in the planning of services, including screening and genetic counselling, and for the evaluation of care. The rural preponderance, in particular, is worthy of further evaluation.
获取基于社区的关于智力障碍者的全面数据，包括智力迟缓程度、相关障碍及人口统计学数据。
采用多种确定来源，以识别1967年至1976年（含）出生队列中所有智商低于70的儿童。
大多数病例是通过西澳大利亚州为智力障碍者提供服务的政府机构确定的。其他来源包括教育部的支持部门、私立学校和儿童医院。
共有1602名年龄在6至16岁之间的儿童符合研究标准。
发现智力障碍的患病率为每1000例活产男婴8.9例，每千例活产女婴6.3例，总体患病率为7.6例。轻度、中度、重度和极重度智力迟缓的数字分别为每1000例3.0例、2.4例、1.0例和0.6例，每1000例中有0.8例智商未知。除智力障碍外，20%的患者患有脑瘫，13%的患者患有癫痫。农村地区的患病率明显高于城市地区：每1000例活产分别为9.9例和6.5例。
西澳大利亚州关于智力障碍的这一全面流行病学数据，对于包括筛查和遗传咨询在内的服务规划以及护理评估具有重要价值。特别是农村地区的高患病率值得进一步评估。
