Niemelä M, Piispanen J, Poikolainen J, Perämäki P
Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2007 Apr;52(3):347-54. doi: 10.1007/s00244-006-0028-0. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
The use of Pt and Rh as active components in automobile catalytic converters has led to increasing concentrations of these elements in several natural matrices. Because of this, the suitability of the use of a terrestrial moss (Pleurozium schreberi) for the passive biomonitoring of traffic-related Pt and Rh deposition was studied. The moss samples collected from Finland in and around areas with heavy traffic had increased Pt and Rh concentrations, with maximum values of 12.2 and 4.5 ng g(-1), respectively. In addition, the concentrations of commonly used catalytic converter additives (Al, Ce, La, Y, and Zr) and some elements related to traffic or mineral dust (Cd, Cu, Fe, Hf, Pb, and Zn) were also measured to obtain more information about the sources of Pt and Rh. Multivariate principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied for identification of the emission sources of the elements. The results indicated a common traffic-related source of Pt and Rh. However, the results also showed that Pt and Rh concentrations in mosses are increased only in areas located close to traffic lanes.
在汽车催化转化器中使用铂（Pt）和铑（Rh）作为活性成分，已导致这些元素在几种天然基质中的浓度不断增加。因此，研究了利用陆生苔藓（高山金发藓）对与交通相关的铂和铑沉积进行被动生物监测的适用性。在芬兰交通繁忙地区及其周边采集的苔藓样本中，铂和铑的浓度有所增加，最大值分别为12.2和4.5纳克/克。此外，还测量了常用催化转化器添加剂（铝、铈、镧、钇和锆）以及一些与交通或矿物粉尘相关的元素（镉、铜、铁、铪、铅和锌）的浓度，以获取更多关于铂和铑来源的信息。采用多元主成分分析和聚类分析来识别这些元素的排放源。结果表明铂和铑有一个与交通相关的共同来源。然而，结果还表明，只有在靠近行车道的区域，苔藓中的铂和铑浓度才会增加。
