del Barrio J L, Medrano M J, Arce A, Bergareche A, Bermejo F, Díaz J, Gascón J, García F J, Garré J, Gómez C, Lobo A, Martínez A, Otero A, Reñé R, Sánchez M I, Saz P, Vega S, Vilalta-Franch J, Zunzunegui M V, de Pedro J
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Madrid, Spain.
Neurologia. 2007 Apr;22(3):138-46.
The aim of this study was to re-analyze door-to-door studies on neurological diseases among the elderly, in which vascular risk factors (VRF) were studied, describing methodological characteristics and prevalence of VRF.
The surveys were identified in two phases. They were aimed at ascertaining prevalence of stroke, dementias or Parkinsonisms and, at the time of individual screening, had collected data on at least three of the following VRF: arterial hypertension (AHT), smoking habit, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. A questionnaire was drawn up to collect the data reported in each study, and a database was constructed. VRF prevalences were quantified and analyzed using logistic regression.
The total of the re-analyzed population was 12,510 persons aged 70 years and over, residents in seven geographic areas during the period 1994-2002. Information available on VRF was essentially self-reported. The prevalence of self-reported AHT was 25.7 % in men and 44.2 % in women, and that of measured AHT was 61 % and 71.9 %, respectively. Populations with arterial pressure obtained by direct measurement registered 138 higher risks (OR: 1.74; 95 % CI: 1.51-2.01, and OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.33-1.64). Reported prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and smoking habit were 14.3 %, 23.3% and 8.5 %, respectively.
There was a high prevalence of VRF among the Spanish elderly population. However, its relationship with dementia, Parkinsonisms and cerebrovascular disease could not be studied due to the poor quality of the VRF data. The differences between measured and self-reported arterial pressure suggest the existence of undetected AHT and wide scope for prevention.
本研究旨在重新分析针对老年人神经系统疾病的挨家挨户式研究，这些研究对血管危险因素（VRF）进行了研究，描述了方法学特征和VRF的患病率。
调查分两个阶段进行识别。其目的是确定中风、痴呆症或帕金森病的患病率，并且在个体筛查时，收集了以下至少三种VRF的数据：动脉高血压（AHT）、吸烟习惯、糖尿病和高胆固醇血症。编制了一份问卷以收集每项研究中报告的数据，并构建了一个数据库。使用逻辑回归对VRF患病率进行量化和分析。
重新分析的总人群为12510名70岁及以上的老年人，他们在1994年至2002年期间居住在七个地理区域。关于VRF的可用信息基本上是自我报告的。自我报告的AHT患病率男性为25.7%，女性为44.2%，测量的AHT患病率分别为61%和71.9%。通过直接测量获得动脉压的人群风险高138倍（比值比：1.74；95%置信区间：1.51 - 2.01，以及比值比：1.48；95%置信区间：1.33 - 1.64）。报告的糖尿病、高胆固醇血症和吸烟习惯的患病率分别为14.3%、23.3%和8.5%。
西班牙老年人群中VRF的患病率很高。然而，由于VRF数据质量较差，无法研究其与痴呆症、帕金森病和脑血管疾病的关系。测量的动脉压与自我报告的动脉压之间的差异表明存在未被发现的AHT以及广阔的预防空间。
