Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936).

This article contains a brief description of the scientific biography of the first Noble Prize laureate in the area of Neurosciences, I.P. Pavlov. Special attention is paid to the concept of neurism, which infused Pavlov's research on circulation, digestion, and higher nervous activity. The sources of Pavlov's interest in studying psychological processes and phases of "hard intellectual struggle" in the development of a new chapter of physiology are traced to their beginnings.