Hånell Anders, Marklund Niklas
Department of Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Uppsala University Uppsala, Sweden ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond, VA, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Section for Neurosurgery, Uppsala University Uppsala, Sweden.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 Jul 22;8:252. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00252. eCollection 2014.
A large variety of rodent behavioral tests are currently being used to evaluate traits such as sensory-motor function, social interactions, anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior, substance dependence and various forms of cognitive function. Most behavioral tests have an inherent complexity, and their use requires consideration of several aspects such as the source of motivation in the test, the interaction between experimenter and animal, sources of variability, the sensory modality required by the animal to solve the task as well as costs and required work effort. Of particular importance is a test's validity because of its influence on the chance of successful translation of preclinical results to clinical settings. High validity may, however, have to be balanced against practical constraints and there are no behavioral tests with optimal characteristics. The design and development of new behavioral tests is therefore an ongoing effort and there are now well over one hundred tests described in the contemporary literature. Some of them are well established following extensive use, while others are novel and still unproven. The task of choosing a behavioral test for a particular project may therefore be daunting and the aim of the present review is to provide a structured way to evaluate rodent behavioral tests aimed at drug discovery research.
目前，各种各样的啮齿动物行为测试被用于评估诸如感觉运动功能、社交互动、焦虑样和抑郁样行为、物质依赖以及各种认知功能等特征。大多数行为测试都具有内在的复杂性，使用它们需要考虑几个方面，例如测试中的动机来源、实验者与动物之间的互动、变异性来源、动物解决任务所需的感觉模态以及成本和所需的工作量。由于测试的有效性会影响临床前结果成功转化为临床应用的可能性，因此其尤为重要。然而，高有效性可能必须与实际限制相权衡，而且不存在具有最佳特性的行为测试。因此，新行为测试的设计和开发是一项持续的工作，当代文献中描述的行为测试现在已经超过一百种。其中一些经过广泛使用已得到充分确立，而其他一些则是新颖的且尚未得到验证。因此，为特定项目选择行为测试的任务可能令人生畏，本综述的目的是提供一种结构化的方法来评估旨在药物发现研究的啮齿动物行为测试。
