Ishikawa N, Suzuki Y, Ohta M, Cho H, Suzuki S, Dezawa M, Ide C
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2007 Oct;83(1):33-40. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.31126.
The clinical treatment of traumatized peripheral nerves often requires grafting of autologous cutaneous nerves. However, there are drawbacks in sacrificing healthy nerves and tissue scarring. In this study, an artificial material, freeze-dried chitosan gel sponge, was examined as a scaffold for nerve regeneration in rats. An 8-mm gap was made by removing a segment of the sciatic nerve, and the distal and proximal stumps were sandwiched by chitosan gel sponge. Rats were killed at 4, 7, 14, and 28 days, and 2 and 4 months after the operation and histological and morphometric evaluations were performed. Regenerating axons were observed at 4 days after the operation. Regenerating nerves extended the distal stump at 14 days after surgery. By electron microscopy, numerous macrophages appeared to phagocyte chitosan, and made a dense cell layer on the chitosan. Regenerating axons did not touch the chitosan, and extended through the space surrounded by macrophage-stacked chitosan. Regenerating nerves were well-myelinated 2 months after surgery. Regenerating nerves were on average 2.45 and 2.75 microm in diameter at 2 and 4 months, respectively, after surgery. These results indicate that the chitosan gel sponge sandwich might be suitable as a graft for peripheral nerve regeneration.
创伤性周围神经的临床治疗通常需要移植自体皮神经。然而，牺牲健康神经和组织瘢痕化存在缺点。在本研究中，一种人工材料——冻干壳聚糖凝胶海绵，被作为大鼠神经再生的支架进行研究。通过切除一段坐骨神经制造一个8毫米的间隙，将远端和近端残端夹在壳聚糖凝胶海绵之间。在术后4天、7天、14天、28天以及2个月和4个月处死大鼠，并进行组织学和形态学评估。术后4天观察到再生轴突。术后14天再生神经延伸至远端残端。通过电子显微镜观察，大量巨噬细胞似乎吞噬壳聚糖，并在壳聚糖上形成致密的细胞层。再生轴突未接触壳聚糖，而是通过巨噬细胞堆积的壳聚糖所包围的空间延伸。术后2个月再生神经髓鞘化良好。术后2个月和4个月时，再生神经的平均直径分别为2.45微米和2.75微米。这些结果表明，壳聚糖凝胶海绵夹层可能适合作为周围神经再生的移植物。
