Tapper K, Murphy S, Lynch R, Clark R, Moore G F, Moore L
Cardiff Institute of Society, Health and Ethics, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Apr;62(4):511-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602735. Epub 2007 Mar 21.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure children's attitudes towards breakfast.
A pilot study was used to select questionnaire items and assess test-retest reliability. The questionnaire was then administered to a larger sample of children together with a dietary recall questionnaire. Randomly selected subsets of these children also completed a dietary recall interview or their parents were asked to complete a questionnaire relating to their child's breakfast eating habits.
Primary schools in south, west and north Wales, UK.
A total of 2495 children (199 in pilot testing, 2382 in the main study) in years 5 and 6 (aged 9-11 years).
The 13-item scale showed good construct validity, high internal reliability and acceptable test-retest reliability. Boys displayed more positive attitudes towards breakfast than girls but differences between the two age groups did not reach statistical significance. Children who did not skip breakfast displayed more positive attitudes than children who skipped breakfast. In addition, more positive attitudes towards breakfast were significantly correlated with consumption of a greater number of 'healthy' foods for breakfast (i.e., fruit, bread, cereal, milk products), consumption of fewer 'unhealthy' foods for breakfast (i.e., sweet items, crisps) and parental perceptions that their child usually ate a healthy breakfast.
The breakfast attitudes questionnaire is a robust measure that is relatively quick to administer and simple to score. These qualities make it ideal for use where validity at the individual level is important or where more time-consuming dietary measures are not feasible.
编制并验证一份用于测量儿童对早餐态度的问卷。
采用一项预试验来选择问卷项目并评估重测信度。随后，将该问卷与一份饮食回忆问卷一起发放给更多的儿童样本。这些儿童中随机抽取的子集还完成了一次饮食回忆访谈，或者要求他们的父母填写一份与孩子早餐饮食习惯相关的问卷。
英国威尔士南部、西部和北部的小学。
总共2495名5年级和6年级（9 - 11岁）的儿童（预试验199名，主要研究2382名）。
这份包含13个条目的量表显示出良好的结构效度、较高的内部信度和可接受的重测信度。男孩对早餐的态度比女孩更积极，但两个年龄组之间的差异未达到统计学显著性。不吃早餐的儿童比吃早餐的儿童态度更消极。此外，对早餐更积极的态度与早餐时食用更多“健康”食物（即水果、面包、谷类食品、奶制品）、食用更少“不健康”食物（即甜食、薯片）以及父母认为孩子通常吃健康早餐显著相关。
早餐态度问卷是一种可靠的测量工具，实施相对快速且评分简单。这些特性使其非常适合在个体层面的效度很重要或更耗时的饮食测量不可行的情况下使用。
