Moore L, Tapper K, Dennehy A, Cooper A
Cardiff Institute of Society, Health and Ethics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jul;59(7):809-16. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602146.
To evaluate the validity, reliability and sensitivity of a computerised single day 24-h recall questionnaire designed for the comparison of children's fruit and snack consumption at the group (school) level.
Relative validity and reliability were assessed in relation to (i) intake at school and (ii) intake throughout the whole day, using diary-assisted 24-h recall interviews and a 7-day test-retest procedure. Sensitivity was assessed in relation to intake by comparing results from schools with differing food policies, and by sex.
Eight schools took part in the validity and reliability assessments, with 78 children completing the 24-h recall interviews and 195 children completing the test-retest procedure. A total of 43 schools (1890 children) took part in the sensitivity analysis. All children were aged 9-11 y. All schools were in South Wales and South-west England.
For fruit intake at school, the questionnaire showed fair levels of validity at the individual level (kappa = 0.29). At the group level, there were little or no differences in fruit intake at school between the two measures and two occasions. The questionnaire was sufficiently sensitive to identify statistically significant differences between girls and boys, and between schools with different food policies. For snack intake at school, validity at the individual level was slightly lower (kappa = 0.220.25), but the data remained of value in analyses at the group level. For fruit and snack intake throughout the whole day there was little agreement at the individual level (kappa = 0.00-0.06), and at the group level there tended to be substantial differences between the two measures and two occasions.
The computerised questionnaire is a quick and cost-effective means of assessing children's consumption of fruit at school. While further development is required to improve validity and reliability, it has the potential to be particularly useful in randomised controlled trials of school-based dietary interventions.
评估一种计算机化单日24小时回忆问卷的有效性、可靠性和敏感性，该问卷用于在群体（学校）层面比较儿童的水果和零食摄入量。
通过日记辅助的24小时回忆访谈和7天重测程序，评估该问卷相对于（i）学校摄入量和（ii）全天摄入量的相对有效性和可靠性。通过比较不同食品政策学校的结果以及按性别比较，评估敏感性。
八所学校参与了有效性和可靠性评估，78名儿童完成了24小时回忆访谈，195名儿童完成了重测程序。共有43所学校（1890名儿童）参与了敏感性分析。所有儿童年龄在9至11岁之间。所有学校均位于南威尔士和英格兰西南部。
对于学校水果摄入量，该问卷在个体层面显示出中等水平的有效性（kappa = 0.29）。在群体层面，两种测量方法和两个时间点之间学校水果摄入量几乎没有差异。该问卷足够敏感，能够识别出男孩和女孩之间以及不同食品政策学校之间的统计学显著差异。对于学校零食摄入量，个体层面的有效性略低（kappa = 0.22 - 0.25），但这些数据在群体层面的分析中仍有价值。对于全天的水果和零食摄入量，个体层面几乎没有一致性（kappa = 0.00 - 0.06），在群体层面，两种测量方法和两个时间点之间往往存在显著差异。
该计算机化问卷是评估儿童在学校水果摄入量的一种快速且经济高效的方法。虽然需要进一步改进以提高有效性和可靠性，但它有可能在基于学校的饮食干预随机对照试验中特别有用。
