Yeh Lung-Kun, Chiu Cheng-Jen, Fong Chieh-Fang, Wang I-Jong, Chen Wei-Li, Hsiao Chuhsing Kate, Huang Samuel C M, Shih Yung-Feng, Hu Fung-Rong, Lin Luke L K
Department of Ophthalmology, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine.
J Refract Surg. 2007 Mar;23(3):257-65. doi: 10.3928/1081-597X-20070301-08.
To investigate the role of heredity in determining refractive variables, anterior corneal curvature, and anterior corneal aberrations.
Thirty-three monozygotic and 10 dizygotic twin pairs were enrolled in this study. Corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, and corneal topography were obtained from computerized videokeratoscope. The CTView program was used to compute anterior corneal aberrations from corneal height data of the videokeratoscope. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the symmetry of the refractive error, corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, and anterior corneal aberrations between right and left eyes of each twin pair. Heritability (h2) of these parameters was also calculated.
Positive correlations were noted between right and left eyes for spherical power, total astigmatism, mean corneal curvature, and corneal astigmatism. In monozygotic twins, vertical coma, secondary vertical coma, spherical aberration, and secondary spherical aberration were moderately correlated. In dizygotic twins, vertical coma, secondary horizontal coma, and spherical aberration were moderately correlated. In unrelated controls, secondary vertical coma, secondary horizontal coma, and secondary spherical aberration were moderately correlated. Root-mean-square (RMS) of higher order aberrations (3rd to 6th orders), RMS of spherical aberration, and RMS of coma were moderately correlated between right and left eyes in all three groups. Heritability of spherical aberration, RMS of spherical aberration, and corneal astigmatism (h2 = 0.56, 0.44, and 0.46) were greater than those of refractive power, corneal curvature, and other higher order aberrations.
These results suggest that corneal astigmatism and spherical aberration possess a greater genetic predisposition than those of other refractive errors and higher order aberrations.
研究遗传因素在决定屈光变量、角膜前表面曲率及角膜前表面像差方面的作用。
本研究纳入了33对同卵双胞胎和10对异卵双胞胎。通过计算机化视频角膜曲率计获取角膜曲率、角膜散光和角膜地形图。使用CTView程序根据视频角膜曲率计的角膜高度数据计算角膜前表面像差。进行相关性分析以研究每对双胞胎左右眼之间屈光不正、角膜曲率、角膜散光和角膜前表面像差的对称性。还计算了这些参数的遗传度（h2）。
双眼之间在球镜度、总散光、平均角膜曲率和角膜散光方面存在正相关。在同卵双胞胎中，垂直彗差、二级垂直彗差、球差和二级球差呈中度相关。在异卵双胞胎中，垂直彗差、二级水平彗差和球差呈中度相关。在无关对照中，二级垂直彗差、二级水平彗差和二级球差呈中度相关。三组中双眼之间高阶像差（3至6阶）的均方根（RMS）、球差的RMS和彗差的RMS呈中度相关。球差、球差的RMS和角膜散光的遗传度（h2 = 0.56、0.44和0.46）大于屈光力、角膜曲率和其他高阶像差的遗传度。
这些结果表明，与其他屈光不正和高阶像差相比，角膜散光和球差具有更强的遗传易感性。
