Dons Lone, Jin Yuxuan, Kristensson Krister, Rottenberg Martin E
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
J Neurosci Res. 2007 Sep;85(12):2529-37. doi: 10.1002/jnr.21256.
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) can cause fatal brainstem encephalitis in both sheep and humans. Here we review evidence that the bacteria can be incorporated into axons following a primary cycle of replication in macrophages/dendritic cells after subcutaneous injection in projection areas of peripheral neurons. The molecular mechanisms for the rocketing of L. monocytogenes in the cytosol by asymmetric cometic tails and the utility of this phenomenon for bacterial migration intraaxonally both in retro- and in anterograde directions to reach the central nervous system are described. The role of the immune response in the control of L. monocytogenes spread through peripheral neurons is highlighted, and a mechanism by which bacteria may be killed inside infected neurons through a nitric oxide-dependent pathway is pointed out.
单核细胞增生李斯特菌（L. monocytogenes）可在绵羊和人类中引发致命的脑干脑炎。在此，我们回顾相关证据，即皮下注射后，该细菌在巨噬细胞/树突状细胞中经历一轮初始复制循环后，能够进入外周神经元投射区域的轴突。本文描述了单核细胞增生李斯特菌借助不对称彗星样尾巴在胞质溶胶中快速移动的分子机制，以及这一现象在细菌沿轴突逆行和顺行迁移至中枢神经系统过程中的作用。文中强调了免疫反应在控制单核细胞增生李斯特菌通过外周神经元传播方面的作用，并指出了细菌可能通过一氧化氮依赖性途径在受感染神经元内被杀死的机制。
