Marks G, Richardson J L, Ruiz M S, Maldonado N
University of Southern California School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Public Health Rep. 1992 Jan-Feb;107(1):100-5.
The researchers studied the self-reported practices of men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Los Angeles concerning notifying past sexual partners of their risk of infection. The sample of 111 men consisted of 87 Hispanics, 14 whites, 9 blacks, and 1 Asian. Ninety-three percent identified themselves as homosexual or bisexual, and 13 percent reported having injected a nonprescription drug. Seventy-five percent had tested HIV seropositive within the previous 8 months. Subjects were asked about notifying sexual partners with whom they had contact in the 12-months before the subject tested HIV seropositive. Of the 111 subjects, 39 (35 percent) reported that they had attempted to inform 1 or more past partners. Of those who attempted, 30 subjects (76.9 percent) reported notifying at least 1 partner. Overall, the 111 subjects reported a total of 926 individual sexual partners during the 12 months; 51 partners (5.5 percent) were informed of their risk by the subjects. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that those with the most past sexual partners were least likely to attempt to notify any partner. The same inverse relationship was obtained for actual notification and may stem in part from the greater frequency of nonidentifiable partners among those reporting many encounters. The extent and quality of posttest counseling regarding partner notification was not assessed. However, rates of attempted notification were nonsignificantly higher among those who received private professional counseling, who belonged to a support group, or who received social support from family or friends. The data suggest that without concerted and culturally appropriate counseling, many HIV infected persons do not attempt to notify past sexual partners of their risk.
研究人员调查了洛杉矶感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的男性自行报告的关于将其感染风险告知过去性伴侣的行为。111名男性样本中，有87名西班牙裔、14名白人、9名黑人以及1名亚裔。93%的人认定自己为同性恋或双性恋，13%的人报告曾注射过非处方药物。75%的人在过去8个月内HIV血清检测呈阳性。研究对象被问及在其HIV血清检测呈阳性前12个月内与之有过接触的性伴侣的告知情况。在这111名研究对象中，39人（35%）报告称他们曾试图告知1名或多名过去的伴侣。在这些尝试告知的人中，30名研究对象（76.9%）报告称至少告知了1名伴侣。总体而言，这111名研究对象在这12个月内共报告了926个性伴侣；其中51名伴侣（5.5%）被研究对象告知了感染风险。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，过去性伴侣最多的人最不可能试图告知任何伴侣。实际告知情况也呈现同样的负相关关系，这可能部分源于报告有多次性接触的人中有更多无法识别的伴侣。未评估检测后关于性伴侣告知的咨询服务的范围和质量。然而，在接受私人专业咨询、属于支持小组或从家人或朋友那里获得社会支持的人群中，尝试告知的比例虽有升高但无统计学意义。数据表明，若没有协调一致且符合文化背景的咨询服务，许多感染HIV的人不会试图将其感染风险告知过去的性伴侣。
