Dalley Karla, Candela Lori, Benzel-Lindley Jean
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3018, USA.
Nurse Educ Today. 2008 Jan;28(1):62-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2007.02.006. Epub 2007 Mar 29.
Nurse educators often lament there is not enough time to teach all the content students need to learn. Every year, information regarding healthcare increases exponentially. Typically, educators respond by increasing content without removing outdated information resulting in overcrowded courses. Little time is left for meaningful learning of concepts and life-long learning skills to sustain graduates throughout their careers. Reliance on conventional teacher-centered approaches to curriculum development have generated calls from professional organizations for innovative education programs. Innovation begins by shifting focus from massive amounts of content to teaching essential concepts and abilities necessary for today's health care environment. Decreasing the overload of content is imperative when moving from a teaching centered to a learning-centered curricula. Instead of concentrating on rote memorization, students engage in meaningful learning. De-crowding the curriculum can be frustrating because there is no quick fix. The challenge is to consider both faculty philosophical beliefs and assumptions about how students learn. Assumptions and beliefs regarding teaching, learning, essential content, and the learning environment should be clear from the outset. Without considering assumptions and beliefs efforts to de-crowd the curriculum rapidly devolve into a test of wills between faculty members. The authors present an overview of learning-centered education, a systematic method for de-crowding the curriculum, and a discussion of challenges encountered.
护理教育工作者常常感叹没有足够的时间教授学生需要学习的所有内容。每年,有关医疗保健的信息都呈指数级增长。通常,教育工作者的应对方式是增加内容,而不删除过时的信息,导致课程过于拥挤。几乎没有时间用于有意义地学习概念和终身学习技能,以支持毕业生整个职业生涯的发展。对传统的以教师为中心的课程开发方法的依赖引发了专业组织对创新教育项目的呼吁。创新始于将重点从大量内容转移到教授当今医疗环境所需的基本概念和能力。从以教学为中心的课程转向以学习为中心的课程时,减少内容的过载至关重要。学生不再专注于死记硬背,而是参与有意义的学习。精简课程可能会令人沮丧,因为没有快速解决的办法。挑战在于既要考虑教师的哲学信念,也要考虑他们对学生学习方式的假设。关于教学、学习、核心内容和学习环境的假设和信念从一开始就应该明确。如果不考虑这些假设和信念,精简课程的努力很快就会演变成教师之间的意志较量。作者概述了以学习为中心的教育、一种精简课程的系统方法,并讨论了遇到的挑战。