蛋白水解加工在病毒颗粒形态发生中的作用。
The role of proteolytic processing in the morphogenesis of virus particles.
作者信息
Hellen C U, Wimmer E
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-8631.
出版信息
Experientia. 1992 Feb 15;48(2):201-15. doi: 10.1007/BF01923512.
Abstract
Proteinases are encoded by many RNA viruses, all retroviruses and several DNA viruses. They play essential roles at various stages in viral replication, including the coordinated assembly and maturation of virions. Most of these enzymes belong to one of three (Ser, Cys or Asp) of the four major classes of proteinases, and have highly substrate-selective and cleavage specific activities. They can be thought of as playing one of two general roles in viral morphogenesis. Structural proteins are encoded by retroviruses and many RNA viruses as part of large polyproteins. Their proteolytic release is a prerequisite to particle assembly; consequent structural rearrangement of the capsid domains serves to regulate and direct association and assembly of capsid subunits. The second general role of proteolysis is in assembly-dependent maturation of virus particles, which is accompanied by the acquisition of infectivity.
摘要
蛋白酶由许多RNA病毒、所有逆转录病毒和几种DNA病毒编码。它们在病毒复制的各个阶段发挥着重要作用，包括病毒粒子的协调组装和成熟。这些酶中的大多数属于四大类蛋白酶中的三类（丝氨酸、半胱氨酸或天冬氨酸）之一，具有高度的底物选择性和切割特异性活性。它们在病毒形态发生中可被认为发挥两种一般作用之一。逆转录病毒和许多RNA病毒将结构蛋白编码为大的多蛋白的一部分。它们的蛋白水解释放是颗粒组装的先决条件；衣壳结构域随后的结构重排用于调节和指导衣壳亚基的缔合和组装。蛋白水解的第二个一般作用是在病毒粒子的组装依赖性成熟中，这伴随着感染性的获得。
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