Foreman J H, Benson G J, Foreman M H
University of Illinois, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, 1008 West Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 2006 Aug(36):303-7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05558.x.
Horses generate considerable internal heat burdens when exercising. Although common practice for a trainer or groom to place a wet blanket or towel on the dorsum of a hot horse post exercise, there are no data supporting the efficacy of this cooling method.
To test the hypothesis that a pre-moistened blanket designed with a multilayered breathable fabric would enhance heat loss in horses post exercise.
Eight treadmill-trained horses performed a standardised exercise test (SET) weekly for 3 weeks, with 3 different recovery treatments administered randomly. Pulmonary artery temperature (PAT) was measured via Swan-Ganz catheter. The SET consisted of 10 min at 3.7 m/sec, 3 min at 11.0 m/sec, 25 min at 3.7 m/sec and 20 min of recovery walking at 2.0 m/sec (58 min exercise and recovery under laboratory conditions of 35.0-40.6 degrees C and 27-49% RH). From 3-7 min during recovery, the treadmill was stopped and horses randomly received either: (a) no bath (negative control); (b) a bath consisting of 32 l of 1-4 degrees C water split into 3-4 cycles of bilateral water application (positive control) followed by water removal ('scraping'); or (c) application of a multilayered fabric blanket soaked in 16-19 degrees C water, wrung out, and placed over the dorsum and sides of the horse. PAT was compared using RM ANOVA with the Student Neuman-Keul's test used post hoc to discriminate between treatments at specific points in time.
Mean PAT rose with each phase of exercise (P<0.001) and peaked at a mean of 40.2 +/- 0.2 degrees C. During recovery, the cold bath decreased HR and PAT for 9 min after walking resumed (P<0.001-P<0.05). The blanket did not decrease HR or PAT compared to negative control (P>0.05), and both were hotter than the cold bath treatment through 16 min of recovery (P<0.05).
A specially-designed cooling blanket failed to reduce PAT when compared to negative control. Cold water bathing decreased HR and PAT but was not effective throughout all of recovery.
A specially-designed, pre-moistened multilayered breathable fabric failed to promote evaporative cooling compared to negative control. Cold water baths may need to be repeated throughout recovery to optimise their effect.
马匹运动时会产生大量内热负荷。尽管训练师或马夫的常见做法是在运动后的热马背部放置湿毯子或毛巾，但尚无数据支持这种降温方法的有效性。
检验以下假设，即采用多层透气织物设计的预湿毯子可增强马匹运动后的热量散失。
8匹经跑步机训练的马每周进行一次标准化运动试验（SET），为期3周，随机给予3种不同的恢复处理。通过Swan-Ganz导管测量肺动脉温度（PAT）。SET包括以3.7米/秒的速度运动10分钟、以11.0米/秒的速度运动3分钟、以3.7米/秒的速度运动25分钟以及以2.0米/秒的速度恢复行走20分钟（在35.0 - 40.6摄氏度和27 - 49%相对湿度的实验室条件下进行58分钟的运动和恢复）。在恢复过程的3 - 7分钟内，跑步机停止，马随机接受以下处理之一：（a）不洗澡（阴性对照）；（b）用32升1 - 4摄氏度的水洗澡，分3 - 4个周期双侧泼水（阳性对照），然后去除水分（“刮水”）；或（c）应用浸泡在16 - 19摄氏度水中、拧干后覆盖在马背部和侧面的多层织物毯子。使用重复测量方差分析比较PAT，并在事后使用Student Neuman-Keul检验在特定时间点区分处理组。
平均PAT在运动的每个阶段均升高（P<0.001），并在平均40.2±0.2摄氏度时达到峰值。在恢复过程中，冷水浴使恢复行走后9分钟内的心率和PAT降低（P<0.001 - P<0.05）。与阴性对照相比，毯子并未降低心率或PAT（P>0.05），并且在恢复的16分钟内两者均比冷水浴处理组更热（P<0.05）。
与阴性对照相比，特制的降温毯子未能降低PAT。冷水浴降低了心率和PAT，但在整个恢复过程中并不都有效。
与阴性对照相比，特制的预湿多层透气织物未能促进蒸发冷却。冷水浴可能需要在整个恢复过程中重复进行以优化其效果。
