Karim Khursheed, Hoffmann Rebecca, Al-Dahhan M H
Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Biodegradation. 2008 Feb;19(1):21-6. doi: 10.1007/s10532-007-9111-0. Epub 2007 Apr 3.
Studies on the performance of a laboratory scale upflow anaerobic solids removal (UASR) digester were carried out using sand-laden cow manure slurries having total solids (TS) concentration as 50 and 100 g/l. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) was maintained as 32.4 days, which resulted in the volatile solids (VS) loading rates of 1 and 1.64 g/l d. The UASR system was designed to remove sand from the manure slurry, while anaerobically digesting biodegradable solids inside a single reactor. To enhance the contact of microorganisms and substrate, the liquor from the top of the digester was recirculated through the bed of settled solids at its bottom. Volatile solids reduction through this process was observed to be 62% and 68% in the case of feed slurries having TS concentration as 50 and 100 g/l (referred in the text as 5% and 10% feed slurries), respectively. The methane production rates were observed to be 0.22 and 0.38 l/l d, while methane yield was 0.21 and 0.27 l CH(4)/g VS loaded, for 5% and 10% feed slurries, respectively. This indicates that the increase in the VS loading had a positive impact on methane production rate and methane yield. It would be of interest to study the performance of a UASR digester at higher solids loadings and with longer solids retention times. Nonetheless, the presented study showed that sand-laden manure slurries can be successfully digested in a UASR digester producing methane energy equivalent to 4 kW h per m(3) of digester volume per day.
使用总固体（TS）浓度分别为50克/升和100克/升的含沙牛粪浆液，对实验室规模的上流式厌氧固体去除（UASR）消化器的性能进行了研究。水力停留时间（HRT）保持为32.4天，这导致挥发性固体（VS）负荷率分别为1克/升·天和1.64克/升·天。UASR系统旨在从粪液中去除沙子，同时在单个反应器内对可生物降解的固体进行厌氧消化。为了增强微生物与底物的接触，消化器顶部的液体通过其底部沉淀固体床进行再循环。对于TS浓度为50克/升和100克/升的进料浆液（文中称为5%和10%进料浆液），通过该过程观察到挥发性固体减少率分别为62%和68%。对于5%和10%的进料浆液，甲烷产生率分别观察到为0.22升/升·天和0.38升/升·天，而甲烷产量分别为0.21升CH₄/克VS负荷和0.27升CH₄/克VS负荷。这表明VS负荷的增加对甲烷产生率和甲烷产量有积极影响。研究UASR消化器在更高固体负荷和更长固体停留时间下的性能将是有意义的。尽管如此，本研究表明，含沙粪液可以在UASR消化器中成功消化，每天每立方米消化器体积产生相当于4千瓦时的甲烷能量。
