Müller U, Helbling A, Berchtold E
Medical Division, Zieglerspital, Bern, Switzerland.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1992 Feb;89(2):529-35. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(92)90319-w.
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) for Hymenoptera allergy is accepted as safe and effective. However, widely varying success rates and frequencies of side effects are reported. Differences between various Hymenoptera species could account for these diverging results. We therefore analyzed 205 patients with a history of systemic allergic reactions to either honeybee (148 patients) or yellow jacket stings (57 patients) during VIT. All patients had a positive skin test to the respective venom before VIT, were monitored for side effects of VIT, and submitted to a sting challenge while they were receiving VIT. Patients with honeybee-venom allergy had a higher sensitivity in both skin tests (p less than 0.05) and RAST (p less than 0.001) than patients with yellow jacket-venom allergy. They developed systemic side effects to VIT injections significantly more often (41% versus 25%; p less than 0.01) and also reacted more frequently to the sting challenge (23% versus 9%; p less than 0.01) than patients with yellow jacket-venom allergy. We conclude that results obtained from studies on the allergy to one Hymenoptera venom cannot be extrapolated to allergies to other Hymenoptera venoms.
蜂毒免疫疗法（VIT）治疗膜翅目昆虫过敏被认为是安全有效的。然而，报告的成功率和副作用发生率差异很大。不同膜翅目昆虫种类之间的差异可能是导致这些不同结果的原因。因此，我们分析了205例在接受VIT治疗期间有对蜜蜂（148例患者）或黄蜂蜇伤（57例患者）发生全身过敏反应病史的患者。所有患者在接受VIT治疗前对相应毒液的皮肤试验均呈阳性，接受VIT治疗的副作用监测，并在接受VIT治疗期间接受蜇刺激发试验。与黄蜂毒液过敏患者相比，蜜蜂毒液过敏患者在皮肤试验（p<0.05）和放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）（p<0.001）中均具有更高的敏感性。与黄蜂毒液过敏患者相比，他们在接受VIT注射时出现全身副作用的频率明显更高（41%对25%；p<0.01），对蜇刺激发试验的反应也更频繁（23%对9%；p<0.01）。我们得出结论，对一种膜翅目昆虫毒液过敏的研究结果不能外推至对其他膜翅目昆虫毒液的过敏情况。
