Sotero-Santos Rosana B, Rocha Odete, Povinelli Jurandyr
Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, CEP 13.565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2007 Jun;68(4):628-36. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.049. Epub 2007 Apr 9.
Iron-rich sludge from a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) was investigated regarding its toxicity to aquatic organisms and physical and chemical composition. In addition, the water quality of the receiving stream near the DWTP was evaluated. Experiments were carried out in August 1998, February 1999 and May 1999. Acute toxicity tests were carried out on a cladoceran (Daphnia similis), a midge (Chironomus xanthus) and a fish (Hyphessobrycon eques). Chronic tests were conducted only on D. similis. Acute sludge toxicity was not detected using any of the aquatic organisms, but chronic effects were observed upon the fecundity of D. similis. Although there were relatively few sample dates, the results suggested that the DWTP sludge had a negative effect on the receiving body as here was increased suspended matter, turbidity, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and hardness in the water downstream of the DWTP effluent discharge. The ferric chloride sludge also exhibited high heavy metal concentrations revealing a further potential for pollution and harmful chronic effects on the aquatic biota when the sludge is disposed of without previous treatment.
对一家饮用水处理厂（DWTP）产生的富铁污泥进行了研究，考察其对水生生物的毒性以及物理和化学组成。此外，还评估了DWTP附近接纳河流的水质。实验于1998年8月、1999年2月和1999年5月进行。对一种枝角类动物（似同形溞）、一种摇蚊（黄色摇蚊）和一种鱼类（红肚铅笔鱼）进行了急性毒性试验。仅对似同形溞进行了慢性试验。使用任何一种水生生物均未检测到污泥的急性毒性，但观察到似同形溞的繁殖力受到慢性影响。尽管采样日期相对较少，但结果表明，DWTP污泥对接纳水体有负面影响，因为DWTP废水排放下游水中的悬浮物、浊度、电导率、化学需氧量（COD）和硬度有所增加。氯化铁污泥还表现出高重金属浓度，这表明在未经预处理就处置污泥时，对水生生物群有进一步的污染潜力和有害慢性影响。
