Honma Satoru, Tokiyoshi Akinari, Kawai Katsushi, Koizumi Masahiro, Kodama Kodo
Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
Ann Anat. 2007;189(2):191-5. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2006.09.005.
A right single preureteric inferior vena cava (IVC) was found in the cadaver of a 77-year-old Japanese male during a student dissection course at Kumamoto University School of Medicine in 2003. The ureter emerged from the lower end of the hilum of the right kidney at the second lumbar vertebral level. It ran inferomedially to pass behind the IVC, and turned inferolaterally to cross the vein superficially at the level of the third to the fourth lumbar vertebrae. Then, the ureter was situated to the right of the IVC, and descended ordinarily. The second lumbar vein of each side united bilaterally, as did the third lumbar veins. The common stem of the second lumbar veins drained into the left side of the IVC posterolaterally at the level of the second intervertebral disc, and the third common stem opened into the left border of the IVC at the fourth lumbar vertebral level. The ureter hooked around the IVC between the openings of those common stems. There was a small continuation (0.2 mm in diameter) between the left second lumbar and the right third lumbar veins along the vertebral column slightly right of the midline. It passed superficial to the right third lumbar artery, as did the IVC. The right testicular vein opened into the IVC at the level of the lower end of the third lumbar vertebral body. Generally, the level of the opening of the gonadal vein corresponds to the level of the caudal end of the remaining subcardinal vein, but it is lower than usual in this case. Furthermore, the segment from the confluence of the common iliac veins to the common trunk of the third lumbar veins, and to the small continuation can be regarded as the proper IVC, and the part where the ureter hooks around it may have derived from the anastomosis between the common trunk of the third lumbar veins and the subcardinal vein.
2003年，在熊本大学医学院的一次学生解剖课程中，在一名77岁日本男性尸体上发现了右侧单一的腔静脉后输尿管。输尿管于第二腰椎水平从右肾门下端发出。它向内下走行，在腔静脉后方穿过，然后向外下转折，在第三至第四腰椎水平从静脉表面跨过。之后，输尿管位于腔静脉右侧，并正常下行。双侧的第二腰静脉相互汇合，第三腰静脉也如此。第二腰静脉的共同干在第二椎间盘水平向后外侧汇入腔静脉左侧，第三共同干在第四腰椎水平开口于腔静脉左缘。输尿管在这些共同干的开口之间绕过腔静脉。在脊柱中线稍右侧，左第二腰静脉和右第三腰静脉之间有一小段延续（直径0.2毫米）。它与腔静脉一样，走行于右第三腰动脉浅面。右睾丸静脉在第三腰椎体下端水平汇入腔静脉。一般来说，性腺静脉的开口水平与残留的下主静脉尾端水平相对应，但在本例中低于正常情况。此外，从髂总静脉汇合处到第三腰静脉共同干以及到小延续段的部分可视为正常的腔静脉，输尿管绕过它的部分可能源自第三腰静脉共同干与下主静脉之间的吻合。
