Ottenbacher K J
State University of New York, Buffalo 14214.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1991 Dec;70(6):317-22.
The problem of multiple statistical inferences and Type I error rates in rehabilitation research is examined. The Bonferroni method is the most commonly advocated procedure to control Type I error in clinical research. The traditional Bonferroni method is often overly conservative and results in a loss of statistical power when more than a small number of comparisons are evaluated. Adjustments to the Bonferroni method designed to control or reduce the incidence of Type I errors and improve the statistical conclusion validity of rehabilitation research are presented. The adjusted or sharpened Bonferroni methods allow the researcher to control the incidence of Type I errors while maintaining statistical power. Adjustments to the Bonferroni method are simple to compute and applicable to a wide variety of statistical tests. The use of appropriate multiple comparison procedures will reduce the number of Type I errors and improve the statistical conclusion validity of rehabilitation research studies.
本文探讨了康复研究中的多重统计推断问题及I型错误率。Bonferroni方法是临床研究中最常被提倡的控制I型错误的程序。传统的Bonferroni方法往往过于保守，当评估的比较数量超过少数几个时，会导致统计效力的损失。本文提出了对Bonferroni方法的调整，旨在控制或降低I型错误的发生率，并提高康复研究的统计结论效度。调整后的或改进的Bonferroni方法使研究者能够在保持统计效力的同时控制I型错误的发生率。对Bonferroni方法的调整计算简单，适用于多种统计检验。使用适当的多重比较程序将减少I型错误的数量，并提高康复研究的统计结论效度。
