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肉牛公牛的 knobbed 顶体缺陷。 （注：“knobbed”这个词在生物学领域可能有特定专业含义，这里直接音译为“knobbed”，可能还需结合专业知识进一步准确理解其意思）

The knobbed acrosome defect in beef bulls.

作者信息

Barth A D

出版信息

Can Vet J. 1986 Oct;27(10):379-84.

PMID:17422706
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1680339/
Abstract

The knobbed acrosome defect was found at levels of 25 to 100 percent of spermatozoa from 16 of 2054 beef bulls. The incidence of this defect appeared to be particularly high in the Charolais breed. Pedigree analysis of some of the affected Charolais bulls indicated there may be a genetic predisposition for this sperm defect. In eosin-nigrosin stained semen smears the most common form of the abnormality was a flattened or indented apex of the sperm head. A refractile bead at the apex of the sperm head was seen less commonly. Electron microscopy of the spermatozoa from one bull showed that the abnormality was similar to the knobbed sperm defect previously described in Friesian bulls. A breeding trial confirmed that bulls producing spermatozoa with a high incidence of knobbed acrosomes are infertile.

摘要

在2054头肉用公牛中，有16头公牛的精子出现了25%至100%的顶体瘤状缺陷。这种缺陷的发生率在夏洛来品种中似乎特别高。对一些受影响的夏洛来公牛进行系谱分析表明，这种精子缺陷可能存在遗传易感性。在伊红-黑色素染色的精液涂片上，这种异常最常见的形式是精子头部顶端变平或凹陷。精子头部顶端出现折光珠的情况较少见。对一头公牛的精子进行电子显微镜检查显示，这种异常与之前在弗里斯兰公牛中描述的瘤状精子缺陷相似。一项繁殖试验证实，产生高比例顶体瘤状精子的公牛不育。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/0dbd99b0372a/canvetj00598-0045-c.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/b1f222ff0de8/canvetj00598-0043-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/70bd9d04708f/canvetj00598-0043-b.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/dee5e0c0b791/canvetj00598-0043-c.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/c011d799dabc/canvetj00598-0044-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/556fd1ff4c22/canvetj00598-0045-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/33e637cd182c/canvetj00598-0045-b.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/0dbd99b0372a/canvetj00598-0045-c.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/b1f222ff0de8/canvetj00598-0043-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/70bd9d04708f/canvetj00598-0043-b.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/dee5e0c0b791/canvetj00598-0043-c.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/c011d799dabc/canvetj00598-0044-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/556fd1ff4c22/canvetj00598-0045-a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/33e637cd182c/canvetj00598-0045-b.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/80e2/1680339/0dbd99b0372a/canvetj00598-0045-c.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Infertility in a ram associated with a knobbed acrosome abnormality of the spermatozoa.一只公羊的不育与精子顶体出现瘤状异常有关。
Can Vet J. 1984 Mar;25(3):126-7.
2
A comparison of three methods of assessing sex-drive in yearling beef bulls and relationships with testosterone and LH levels.一岁肉牛公牛三种性驱力评估方法的比较及其与睾酮和促黄体生成素水平的关系。
Theriogenology. 1979 Oct;12(4):223-33. doi: 10.1016/0093-691x(79)90006-2.
3
THE FEULGEN REACTION - AN ENIGMA IN CYTOCHEMISTRY.福尔根反应——细胞化学中的一个谜。
Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol. 2025;240:203-279. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-70126-9_5.
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The Role of Sperm Morphology Standards in the Laboratory Assessment of Bull Fertility in Australia.精子形态标准在澳大利亚公牛生育力实验室评估中的作用。
Front Vet Sci. 2021 May 26;8:672058. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.672058. eCollection 2021.
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Effect of acrosomal defects on fertility of bulls used in artificial insemination and natural breeding.顶体缺陷对用于人工授精和自然繁殖的公牛生育力的影响。
Can Vet J. 2001 Aug;42(8):627, 630-4.
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The morphology of boar spermatozoa.公猪精子的形态学。
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The acrosome and post-nuclear cap of bull spermatozoa.
J R Microsc Soc. 1957 Oct;76(3):77-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1956.tb00442.x.
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[A particular form of the head (knobbed head) of the bovine sperms shown by electron microscopy].[通过电子显微镜观察到的牛精子头部的一种特殊形态（有瘤头部）]
Riv Biol. 1955 Apr-Jun;47(2):297-301.
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Abnormal spermatozoa, testicular degeneration, and varicocele in a ram.
Am J Vet Res. 1982 Feb;43(2):241-5.
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Fertility of stallions with abnormalities of the sperm acrosome.
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1982;32:15-20.
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The effect of ethylene dibromide on differentiation of the acrosome, nucleus, and transient nuclear appendages in ram spermatids.二溴乙烷对绵羊精子细胞顶体、细胞核及临时性核附属物分化的影响。
J Ultrastruct Res. 1979 May;67(2):135-51. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(79)80003-9.
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Pattern and dynamics of teratospermia induced in rams by parenteral treatment with ethylene dibromide.通过向公羊注射二溴乙烷诱导畸形精子症的模式和动态变化
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