Williamson Donald A, Copeland Amy L, Anton Stephen D, Champagne Catherine, Han Hongmei, Lewis Leslie, Martin Corby, Newton Robert L, Sothern Melinda, Stewart Tiffany, Ryan Donna
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70734, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Apr;15(4):906-17. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.597.
The Wise Mind pilot study compared the efficacy of an environmental approach for prevention of inappropriate weight gain in children with an active control condition that used an environmental approach for modifying expectancies related to the use of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.
A total of 670 second to sixth grade students from four schools were enrolled in the study. The study spanned 2 academic years, and 586 students were available for evaluation at the end of the study. Two schools were randomly assigned to each treatment arm. The environmental approach for weight gain prevention focused on modification of eating habits and physical activity, and the active control group focused on modification of expectancies related to substance use.
Using an intention to treat design, the study found no differences in weight gain prevention between the two interventions. The weight gain prevention program was associated with reduction of total caloric intake, reduction of dietary fat intake, reduction of protein intake, and increased physical activity in comparison with the active control group and relative to baseline. These changes in food intake were attributed to changes in food selections that resulted from modification of school cafeteria menus and food preparation.
The Wise Mind school-based weight gain prevention program induced behavioral changes in healthy eating and physical activity but did not induce significant changes in body weight in comparison with the control arm. Recommendations for future research are provided.
“明智心智”试点研究比较了一种环境干预方法在预防儿童不适当体重增加方面的效果，该方法与一种积极对照方法进行对比，后者是采用环境干预来改变与酒精、烟草和药物使用相关的预期。
来自四所学校的670名二至六年级学生参与了该研究。研究跨越两个学年，研究结束时共有586名学生可供评估。两所学校被随机分配到每个治疗组。预防体重增加的环境干预方法侧重于改变饮食习惯和身体活动，积极对照组则侧重于改变与物质使用相关的预期。
采用意向性分析设计，研究发现两种干预措施在预防体重增加方面没有差异。与积极对照组相比并相对于基线水平，预防体重增加计划与总热量摄入减少、膳食脂肪摄入减少、蛋白质摄入减少以及身体活动增加有关。食物摄入量的这些变化归因于学校自助餐厅菜单和食物制备方式改变所导致的食物选择变化。
“明智心智”基于学校的体重增加预防计划在健康饮食和身体活动方面引发了行为变化，但与对照组相比，并未引起体重的显著变化。文中提供了对未来研究的建议。
