Schiöth H B, Nordström K J V, Fredriksson R
Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2007 May;190(1):21-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-201X.2007.01694.x.
The purpose of this article was to review recent progress in mining the gene repertoire and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for the super-family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the form of a proceeding from the Nordic GPCR meeting held at the Nobel Forum, Karolinska Institute in August 2006. We update and give an overview of the expansion of the main families of GPCRs; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled and Secretin (GRAFS) in perspective of fully sequenced genomes. We look into the most recent findings including the work that has been carried out on the spotted green puffer fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis), mouse (Mus musculus), chicken (Gallus gallus), slime mold (Dictyostelium discoideum) and the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. We use examples from our recent work on chicken GPCRs to highlight the importance of detailed assembly and curation of sequences and how that can affect percentage similarity and phylogeny. ESTs can give valuable information about expression patterns. GPCRs have comparatively low numbers of EST suggesting that GPCRs are in generally expressed in lower amount than other genes. We discuss similarities in the evolution of the trace amine associated receptors with other sensory receptors.
本文旨在以2006年8月于卡罗琳斯卡学院诺贝尔论坛举行的北欧G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）会议论文集的形式，回顾在挖掘G蛋白偶联受体超家族的基因库和表达序列标签（EST）方面的最新进展。我们从全基因组测序的角度，更新并概述了GPCR主要家族的扩展情况，即谷氨酸、视紫红质、黏附、卷曲和分泌素（GRAFS）家族。我们研究了最新的发现，包括对斑点绿河豚（黑点鼻鲀）、小鼠（小家鼠）、鸡（原鸡）、黏菌（盘基网柄菌）和植物致病真菌稻瘟病菌所开展的研究工作。我们以近期对鸡GPCR的研究为例，强调详细组装和整理序列的重要性，以及这如何影响相似百分比和系统发育。EST可以提供有关表达模式的有价值信息。GPCR的EST数量相对较少，这表明GPCR的总体表达量低于其他基因。我们讨论了痕量胺相关受体与其他感觉受体在进化上的相似性。
