Ball Chad G, Ball Jill E, Kirkpatrick Andrew W, Mulloy Robert H
Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, 10th Floor, North Tower, 403 29th St. NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 2T9.
Am J Surg. 2007 May;193(5):636-40. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.01.016.
Horseback riding is more dangerous than motorcycle riding, skiing, football, and rugby. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and injury patterns, as well as risk factors associated with severe equestrian trauma.
All patients with major equestrian injuries (injury severity score > or = 12) admitted between 1995 and 2005 were reviewed. A 46-question survey outlining potential rider, animal, and environmental risk factors was administered.
Among 7941 trauma patients, 151 (2%) were injured on horseback (mean injury severity score, 20; mortality rate, 7%). Injuries included the chest (54%), head (48%), abdomen (22%), and extremities (17%). Forty-five percent required surgery. Survey results (55%) indicated that riders and horses were well trained, with a 47% recidivism rate. Only 9% of patients wore helmets, however, 64% believed the accident was preventable.
Chest trauma previously has been underappreciated. This injury pattern may be a result of significant rider experience. Helmet and vest use will be targeted in future injury prevention strategies.
骑马比骑摩托车、滑雪、踢足球和打橄榄球更危险。本研究的目的是确定严重马术创伤的发生率、损伤模式以及相关危险因素。
回顾了1995年至2005年间收治的所有严重马术损伤患者（损伤严重程度评分≥12）。进行了一项包含46个问题的调查，概述潜在的骑手、动物和环境危险因素。
在7941例创伤患者中，151例（2%）在骑马时受伤（平均损伤严重程度评分20；死亡率7%）。损伤部位包括胸部（54%）、头部（48%）、腹部（22%）和四肢（17%）。45%的患者需要手术。调查结果（55%）表明骑手和马匹训练有素，复发率为47%。然而，只有9%的患者佩戴头盔，64%的人认为事故是可以预防的。
胸部创伤以前未得到充分重视。这种损伤模式可能是由于骑手经验丰富所致。头盔和背心的使用将成为未来伤害预防策略的目标。
