创造力与神经科学相遇：创造性思维神经科学研究的实验任务

Creativity meets neuroscience: experimental tasks for the neuroscientific study of creative thinking.

作者信息

Fink Andreas, Benedek Mathias, Grabner Roland H, Staudt Beate, Neubauer Aljoscha C

机构信息

Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2/III, A-8010 Graz, Austria.

出版信息

Methods. 2007 May;42(1):68-76. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2006.12.001.

DOI:10.1016/j.ymeth.2006.12.001

PMID:17434417

Abstract

The psychometric assessment of different facets of creative abilities as well as the availability of experimental tasks for the neuroscientific study of creative thinking has replaced the view of creativity as an unsearchable trait. In this article we provide a brief overview of contemporary methodologies used for the operationalization of creative thinking in a neuroscientific context. Empirical studies are reported which measured brain activity (by means of EEG, fMRI, NIRS or PET) during the performance of different experimental tasks. These tasks, along with creative idea generation tasks used in our laboratory, constitute useful tools in uncovering possible brain correlates of creative thinking. Nevertheless, much more work is needed in order to establish reliable and valid measures of creative thinking, in particular measures of novelty or originality of creative insights.

摘要

对创造性能力不同方面的心理测量评估以及用于创造性思维神经科学研究的实验任务的可用性，已经取代了将创造力视为一种无法探究的特质的观点。在本文中，我们简要概述了在神经科学背景下用于将创造性思维操作化的当代方法。报告了实证研究，这些研究在执行不同实验任务期间测量大脑活动（通过脑电图、功能磁共振成像、近红外光谱或正电子发射断层扫描）。这些任务，连同我们实验室使用的创造性想法生成任务，构成了揭示创造性思维可能的大脑关联的有用工具。然而，为了建立可靠且有效的创造性思维测量方法，特别是创造性见解的新颖性或原创性测量方法，还需要做更多的工作。