Scacchi R, Pinto A, Rickards O, Pacella A, De Stefano G F, Cannella C, Corbo R M
CNR Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Nov;17(9):632-41. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.12.007. Epub 2007 Apr 16.
The human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is involved in lipid storage, glucose homeostasis and adipocyte differentiation. The Ala allele of the Pro12Ala polymorphism has been associated with a protective effect against T2DM. Ala allele frequencies are known for many populations, but data are absent for other interesting human groups.
We examined samples from Ethiopia, Benin, Ecuador and Italy. In addition, we performed an analysis of the Pro12Ala polymorphism distribution in world populations, also in relation to T2DM prevalence and the diet lipid content. In the European populations, the Ala allele frequencies are distributed according to a latitudinal trend, with the highest in the northern and central European populations and the lowest in the Mediterranean populations. Considering the world populations, a significant inverse relationship between Ala frequency and T2DM prevalence was observed mainly in populations where energy from lipids exceeded 30% of the total energy intake.
Northern Europe's cold climate has been hypothesised to have played a role in contributing to the present pattern. Moreover our analysis appears to confirm, at a population level, the protective effect of Ala allele against T2DM, already observed in case-control studies, but only in populations with a diet rich in lipids.
人类过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPAR-γ）参与脂质储存、葡萄糖稳态及脂肪细胞分化。Pro12Ala多态性的Ala等位基因与对2型糖尿病的保护作用相关。许多人群的Ala等位基因频率已知，但其他有趣的人类群体的数据尚缺。
我们检测了来自埃塞俄比亚、贝宁、厄瓜多尔和意大利的样本。此外，我们还分析了世界人群中Pro12Ala多态性的分布情况，以及其与2型糖尿病患病率和饮食脂质含量的关系。在欧洲人群中，Ala等位基因频率呈纬度分布趋势，在北欧和中欧人群中最高，在地中海人群中最低。考虑世界人群，主要在脂质能量超过总能量摄入30%的人群中观察到Ala频率与2型糖尿病患病率之间存在显著的负相关关系。
据推测，北欧的寒冷气候在形成当前模式中起到了一定作用。此外，我们的分析似乎在人群水平上证实了Ala等位基因对2型糖尿病的保护作用，这在病例对照研究中已观察到，但仅在富含脂质饮食的人群中存在。
