Bean Tammy, Derluyn Ilse, Eurelings-Bontekoe Elisabeth, Broekaert Eric, Spinhoven Philip
Centrum 45, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 Apr;195(4):288-97. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000243751.49499.93.
The objective of this study is to make comparisons of the severity of the psychological distress, behavioral problems and traumatic stress reactions, and experiences of unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) with immigrant/refugee (I/R) and Dutch (native) adolescents with parental caregivers (N = 3273). Self-report questionnaires were administered. Most assessments took place at school. URMs consistently reported significantly higher scores for internalizing problems, traumatic stress reactions, and stressful life events than all other groups. Gender appears to play an important role in the native and I/R samples in reporting psychological distress, behavioral problems, and traumatic stress reactions. Older age was significantly related to higher scores only in the URM group. Natives scored higher on externalizing problems than the other groups. URMs reported to have experienced twice as many stressful life events than I/Rs and natives. URMs appear to be at significantly higher risk for the development of psychopathology than refugee adolescents living with a family member, immigrants, or Dutch adolescents.
本研究的目的是比较无人陪伴的难民未成年人（URM）与有父母照顾的移民/难民（I/R）及荷兰（本土）青少年在心理困扰、行为问题、创伤应激反应的严重程度以及经历方面的差异（N = 3273）。采用了自我报告问卷。大多数评估在学校进行。与所有其他群体相比，URM在内化问题、创伤应激反应和压力性生活事件方面的得分始终显著更高。在报告心理困扰、行为问题和创伤应激反应方面，性别在本土和I/R样本中似乎起着重要作用。仅在URM组中，年龄较大与得分较高显著相关。本土青少年在外化问题上的得分高于其他群体。URM报告称经历的压力性生活事件是I/R和本土青少年的两倍。与有家庭成员陪伴的难民青少年、移民或荷兰青少年相比，URM出现精神病理学问题的风险似乎显著更高。
