González-Méijome José Manuel, Parafita Manuel A, Yebra-Pimentel Eva, Almeida José B
Department of Physics (Optometry), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Optom Vis Sci. 2007 Apr;84(4):296-302. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318041f77c.
To investigate ocular symptoms related to dryness in an adult population of contact lens (CL) and non contact lens wearers (n-CL) using video display terminals (VDT) for different periods of time under different indoor conditions related to air conditioning (AC) and heating units (HU) exposure.
A questionnaire was distributed to 334 people within a university population of which 258 were part of the n-CL group and 76 of the CL wearers to assess symptoms of ocular discomfort potentially related to dryness. Only soft contact lens (SCL) wearers (n = 71) were included for further statistical analysis because of the reduced number of people wearing other lens types. A 2:1 match by gender group of 142 subjects in the n-CL group was used as a control sample.
There was a marked difference between the prevalence of symptoms and the way they are reported by CL and n-CL wearers. Red eye, itching, and scratchiness are more common among CL wearers, but the difference is statistically significant only for scratchiness (p < 0.01, chi(2)). The vast majority of subjects who reported symptoms often and at the end of the day are significantly more prevalent among CL wearers (p < 0.01, chi(2)). Gender differences were also encountered. Female CL wearers reported more scratchiness than males in the n-CL wearing group (p = 0.029, chi(2)) and in the CL group (p < 0.008, chi(2)). Females wearing CL reported symptoms of red eye (p = 0.043, chi(2)) and scratchiness (p < 0.001, chi(2)) more significantly than those in the n-CL group. Within the CL group, the prevalence of symptoms occurring sometimes or often and at the end of the day was higher among females (p < 0.001, chi(2)). The use of VDT was associated with a higher level of scratchiness among CL wearers (p < 0.05, chi(2)). The number of hours working with VDTs seemed to be associated with an increase in the prevalence of burning sensation in the CL group (p < 0.01, chi(2)), whereas symptoms like red eye and scratchiness also increased significantly among n-CL wearers. Compared to n-CL wearers, all symptoms increase in CL wearers in environments with AC and HU, except excessive tearing. However, these differences are only statistically significant for scratchiness.
Our results show that people who wear soft CL and work with VDTs for longer periods of time are more likely to develop symptoms like eye burning and scratchiness than n-CL wearers. This risk could be higher for women than men. Scratchiness and the appearance of symptoms near the end of the day are typically associated with ocular discomfort during CL wear in this sample, and clinicians should question their patients about these symptoms to anticipate serious discomfort.
调查在不同室内条件下，接触不同时长视频显示终端（VDT）的成年隐形眼镜佩戴者（CL）和非隐形眼镜佩戴者（n-CL）中与眼干相关的眼部症状，这些室内条件涉及空调（AC）和暖气设备（HU）。
在一所大学中，向334人发放问卷，其中258人属于n-CL组，76人是隐形眼镜佩戴者，以评估可能与眼干相关的眼部不适症状。由于佩戴其他类型镜片的人数较少，仅纳入软性隐形眼镜（SCL）佩戴者（n = 71）进行进一步统计分析。在n-CL组中，按性别对142名受试者进行2:1匹配作为对照样本。
CL佩戴者和n-CL佩戴者在症状发生率及报告方式上存在显著差异。眼红、眼痒和眼涩在CL佩戴者中更常见，但仅眼涩差异具有统计学意义（p < 0.01，卡方检验）。在经常且在一天结束时报告症状的受试者中，绝大多数在CL佩戴者中更为普遍（p < 0.01，卡方检验）。还存在性别差异。在n-CL佩戴组中，女性CL佩戴者报告的眼涩比男性更多（p = 0.029，卡方检验），在CL组中也是如此（p < 0.008，卡方检验）。佩戴CL的女性报告眼红症状（p = 0.043，卡方检验）和眼涩症状（p < 0.001，卡方检验）比n-CL组女性更显著。在CL组中，有时或经常且在一天结束时出现症状的发生率在女性中更高（p < 0.001，卡方检验）。使用VDT与CL佩戴者中更高程度的眼涩相关（p < 0.05，卡方检验）。在CL组中，使用VDT的时长似乎与烧灼感发生率增加相关（p < 0.01，卡方检验），而眼红和眼涩等症状在n-CL佩戴者中也显著增加。与n-CL佩戴者相比，在有AC和HU的环境中，CL佩戴者除了流泪过多外，所有症状都有所增加。然而，这些差异仅眼涩具有统计学意义。
我们的数据表明，长时间佩戴软性CL并使用VDT的人比n-CL佩戴者更易出现眼灼痛和眼涩等症状。女性的这种风险可能高于男性。在本样本中，眼涩以及一天快结束时症状的出现通常与CL佩戴期间的眼部不适相关，临床医生应询问患者这些症状，以预防严重不适。
