Sagoff M
Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, University of Maryland, College Park.
Hastings Cent Rep. 1991 Sep-Oct;21(5):32-40.
E.B. White's Charlotte's Web serves as an environmental parable for our time. As we reflect on our relationship with nature, we might consider the three ways in which Wilbur the pig was valued in White's story. His instrumental value cashes out in ham hocks and sausage. His aesthetic value earns him a ribbon at the county fair. His moral value is the value he has in and of himself, and Charlotte the spider loves him for it. We can value nature the way Charlotte valued Wilbur, or we can, as the farmer Zuckerman did at first, see the natural world only in terms of the pork chops it provides.
E.B.怀特的《夏洛的网》堪称我们这个时代的一则环境寓言。当我们反思自己与自然的关系时，或许可以思考一下在怀特的故事中，小猪威尔伯被看重的三种方式。它的工具价值体现在火腿和香肠上。它的审美价值使它在县集市上赢得了一条绶带。它的道德价值是它自身所具有的价值，而蜘蛛夏洛正因如此爱它。我们可以像夏洛看重威尔伯那样去珍视自然，或者像起初的农场主朱克曼那样，仅仅从自然所提供的猪排的角度来看待自然世界。
