Bhanderi D, Choudhary S K
Department of Community Medicine, Pramukh Swami Medical College, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat.
Indian J Public Health. 2006 Oct-Dec;50(4):213-9.
In developing countries, children of 0-5 years of age form a large as well as "high risk" group. Malnutrition poses a grave risk to the health of these children. The main objectives of this study were to assess the health & nutritional status of children of 0-5 years of age group & to study the influence of various epidemiological factors on health & nutritional status of children on 0-5 years of age group. It is a community based cross sectional study done in randomly selected three wards of Petlad town, district Anand in Gujarat state. 300 children of age group 0-5 years selected by systematic sampling method. Mother of each child included in the study was subjected to personal interview in her own house followed by clinical examination & anthropometric measurements of the child. The three indices of nutritional status namely, weight for age, height for age, & weight for height were expressed in standard deviation units from the median for the international reference populations as per WHONCHS standards & were compared with WHONCHS growth reference data. The prevalence of under weight (wt. for age below 2SD) was 43.67%. 50.3% children were found stunted (ht. 1br age below -2 SID) with higher prevalence in 2nd and 5th year of life. Prevalence of wasting (wt. for ht. below 2SD) was comparatively low (23.2% with a peak in 3rd year of life). These nutritional parameters showed a significant association with parental education, socio-economic status, family size, environmental conditions (safe drink water, sanitary waste disposal & overcrowding), & episodes of common diseases.
在发展中国家，0至5岁的儿童构成了一个庞大且“高危”的群体。营养不良对这些儿童的健康构成了严重风险。本研究的主要目的是评估0至5岁年龄组儿童的健康和营养状况，并研究各种流行病学因素对0至5岁年龄组儿童健康和营养状况的影响。这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，在古吉拉特邦阿南德区佩特拉德镇随机选择的三个病房进行。通过系统抽样方法选取了300名0至5岁年龄组的儿童。研究中纳入的每个儿童的母亲在其家中接受了个人访谈，随后对儿童进行了临床检查和人体测量。根据世界卫生组织儿童生长标准（WHONCHS），营养状况的三个指标，即年龄别体重、年龄别身高和身高别体重，以相对于国际参考人群中位数的标准差单位表示，并与WHONCHS生长参考数据进行比较。体重不足（年龄别体重低于2个标准差）的患病率为43.67%。发现50.3%的儿童发育迟缓（年龄别身高低于 -2个标准差），在生命的第二年和第五年患病率较高。消瘦（身高别体重低于2个标准差）的患病率相对较低（23.2%，在生命的第三年达到峰值）。这些营养参数与父母教育程度、社会经济地位、家庭规模、环境条件（安全饮用水、卫生废物处理和过度拥挤）以及常见疾病发作之间存在显著关联。
