Trost Katrin, Skalicky M, Nell Barbara
Department for Small Animals and Horses, Clinic for Surgery and Ophthalmology, University of Vetinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2007 May-Jun;10(3):143-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2007.00521.x.
To establish reference values for Schirmer tear tests (STT) I and II, phenol red thread (PRT) tear test and eye blink frequency, and to determine corneal sensitivity for normal guinea pigs.
One hundred and eight eyes of 54 adult Duncan-Hartley guinea pigs.
Schirmer tear test (STT) I and then STT II were performed in 36 guinea pigs. PRT and STT I were compared in 18 adult Duncan-Hartley guinea pigs. Corneal sensitivity was determined in 23 guinea pigs by evaluating the corneal touch threshold (CTT) of five different regions using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. Eye blink frequency was measured in 10 guinea pigs over a period of 20 min and in 17 guinea pigs over a period of 10 min.
Mean STT I was 0.36 mm +/- 1.09 mm (wetting/min) and mean STT II was 0.43 mm +/- 1.29 mm (wetting/min). There was no significant difference between mean STT I and mean STT II (P = 0.79). The mean PRT-value was 16 +/- 4.7 mm (wetting/15 s), and the mean STT I-value in the same guinea pigs was 0.6 +/- 1.83 mm (wetting/min). Corneal sensitivity was significantly higher in the center than in the four limbal regions. The mean CTT for central, ventral, nasal, temporal and dorsal regions was 2, 1.7, 1.7, 1.7 and 1.6 cm or 3.7, 5.2, 5.6, 5.7 and 6.4 g/mm(2), respectively. Eye blink frequency was between two to five (mean 3.4 +/- 1.04) blinks per eye over 20 min in guinea pigs in their home environment, while in handheld and restrained guinea pigs eye blink frequency showed a variation between 0 and 17 blinks per eye (mean 3.24 +/- 3.64 blinks per eye) over 10 min.
As there were no significant differences between STT I and STT II results, reflex tear secretion in the guinea pig may not exist. The most likely explanation is a lower corneal sensitivity in the guinea pig than in other species, such as cats, dogs and horses. Because of the small amount of tears, PRT is the preferred test for tear measurement in the guinea pig.
建立正常豚鼠的Schirmer泪液试验（STT）I和II、酚红棉线（PRT）泪液试验及眨眼频率的参考值，并测定角膜敏感性。
54只成年Duncan-Hartley豚鼠的108只眼。
对36只豚鼠进行Schirmer泪液试验I，然后进行STT II。对18只成年Duncan-Hartley豚鼠比较PRT和STT I。通过使用Cochet-Bonnet触觉计评估五个不同区域的角膜触觉阈值（CTT），测定23只豚鼠的角膜敏感性。在10只豚鼠中测量20分钟内的眨眼频率，在17只豚鼠中测量10分钟内的眨眼频率。
STT I的平均值为0.36 mm±1.09 mm（湿润/分钟），STT II的平均值为0.43 mm±1.29 mm（湿润/分钟）。STT I平均值与STT II平均值之间无显著差异（P = 0.79）。PRT的平均值为16±4.7 mm（湿润/15秒），同一豚鼠中STT I的平均值为0.6±1.83 mm（湿润/分钟）。角膜中央的敏感性明显高于四个角膜缘区域。中央、腹侧、鼻侧、颞侧和背侧区域的平均CTT分别为2、1.7、1.7、1.7和1.6 cm或3.7、5.2、5.6、5.7和6.4 g/mm²。在其饲养环境中的豚鼠，每只眼在20分钟内的眨眼频率为2至5次（平均3.4±1.04次），而在手持和约束状态下的豚鼠，每只眼在10分钟内的眨眼频率在0至17次之间变化（平均每只眼3.24±3.64次）。
由于STT I和STT II结果之间无显著差异，豚鼠可能不存在反射性泪液分泌。最可能的解释是豚鼠的角膜敏感性低于猫、狗和马等其他物种。由于泪液量少，PRT是豚鼠泪液测量的首选试验。
