Semo Ma'ayan, Vugler Anthony A, Jeffery Glen
Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
Eur J Neurosci. 2007 Apr;25(8):2296-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05461.x.
Here we reveal a population of cells that express cone photoreceptor opsins that are located in the inner retina, distant from outer retinal photoreceptors. These cells are present in rodents and human. They also express a range of key proteins critical in the cone phototransduction cascade and make contact with other retinal neurons. Their opsins are not generally confined to cellular specialized regions but are present throughout the plasma membrane, although their nuclear configurations are similar to those of outer retinal cones. This population is distinct from the ganglion cells that contain melanopsin and which are known to be inner retinal irradiance detectors regulating circadian behaviour. Surprisingly, the size of the population of short wavelength opsin positive cells in the ganglion cell layer is plastic. In normal animals their number declines with age. However, their numbers increase significantly in response to outer retinal photoreceptor loss, probably by drawing on a pool of inner retinal cells that express cone specific markers, but not opsins.
在这里，我们揭示了一群表达视锥光感受器视蛋白的细胞，这些细胞位于远离外视网膜光感受器的内视网膜中。这些细胞存在于啮齿动物和人类中。它们还表达一系列在视锥光转导级联反应中至关重要的关键蛋白，并与其他视网膜神经元建立联系。它们的视蛋白通常不限于细胞的特定区域，而是存在于整个质膜中，尽管它们的核形态与外视网膜视锥细胞相似。这群细胞与含有黑视蛋白的神经节细胞不同，已知后者是调节昼夜节律行为的内视网膜辐照度探测器。令人惊讶的是，神经节细胞层中短波长视蛋白阳性细胞群体的大小是可变的。在正常动物中，它们的数量会随着年龄的增长而减少。然而，它们的数量会因外视网膜光感受器的丧失而显著增加，这可能是通过利用一群表达视锥特异性标记但不表达视蛋白的内视网膜细胞来实现的。
