O'Connor K, Ison J R
University of Rochester.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1991 Oct;17(4):377-85. doi: 10.1037//0097-7403.17.4.377.
Memory for tones (1100 vs. 2330 Hz) was studied in 4 rats (Rattus norvegicus), as affected by the durations of both target tones (30 to 620 ms) and noise-filled retention intervals (0 to 480 ms). With a 0-ms delay, performance was near asymptotic with the 30-ms tone, but the memory of this brief tone suffered a massive decrement at retention intervals as brief as 60 ms; in contrast, memory for the 340-ms tone was stable for at least 240 ms. If the retention interval was filled by band-stop noise (with targets presented in the spectral gap), then the rat's memory for brief tones was superior to that obtained with the standard broad-band noise filler, and band-stop noise was better than a band-pass noise that had the tones embedded in the region of its spectral energy. These findings are consistent with the hypotheses that auditory memory in the rat consists of a transient sensorylike echoic store and a short-term store more resistant to the effects of retroactive interference.
研究了4只大鼠（褐家鼠）对音调（1100赫兹与2330赫兹）的记忆，该记忆受目标音调时长（30至620毫秒）和充满噪声的保持间隔（0至480毫秒）的影响。在延迟为0毫秒时，对于30毫秒的音调，表现接近渐近值，但这种短音调的记忆在保持间隔短至60毫秒时就会大幅下降；相比之下，对340毫秒音调的记忆至少在240毫秒内是稳定的。如果保持间隔由带阻噪声填充（目标音调出现在频谱间隙中），那么大鼠对短音调的记忆优于使用标准宽带噪声填充物时的情况，并且带阻噪声比音调嵌入其频谱能量区域的带通噪声效果更好。这些发现与以下假设一致：大鼠的听觉记忆由短暂的类似感觉的回声存储和更能抵抗逆向干扰影响的短期存储组成。
