Tiesman Hope, Zwerling Craig, Peek-Asa Corinne, Sprince Nancy, Cavanaugh Joseph E
The University of Iowa Injury Prevention Research Center, Iowa City, IA 52242-5000, USA.
Inj Prev. 2007 Apr;13(2):115-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.2006.013201.
Although death rates from injuries are higher in rural areas compared with large metropolitan areas, little is known about how non-fatal injury rates vary by rurality. Data from the 1997-2001 US National Health Interview Surveys were used to explore associations between rurality and non-fatal injury.
A nationally representative survey.
The annual injury rates per 1000 adults and 95% CIs were computed for medically attended injuries. Counties of residence were coded according to urban influence codes into four categories: large urban, small urban, suburban and rural. A linear-by-linear trend test was used to determine whether injury rates increase monotonically with county rurality. Logistic regression was used to control potential confounders.
Compared with large urban counties, small urban counties experienced 8% higher injury odds (95% CI 1% to 15%); suburban counties 20% higher injury odds (95% CI 10% to 31%); and rural counties 30% higher injury odds (95% CI 17% to 43%) after adjusting for age, gender, marital status, education and health insurance.
Rural residents had higher non-fatal injury rates than urban and suburban residents. Exploring this discrepancy can further contribute to new hypotheses regarding rural injury risk and ultimately lead to better suited interventions for rural residents.
尽管农村地区的伤害死亡率高于大城市地区，但对于非致命伤害率如何随农村地区情况而变化却知之甚少。利用1997 - 2001年美国国家健康访谈调查的数据来探究农村地区与非致命伤害之间的关联。
一项具有全国代表性的调查。
计算每1000名成年人的年度伤害率及95%置信区间，用于有医疗救治的伤害情况。根据城市影响代码将居住县分为四类：大城市、小城市、郊区和农村。采用线性趋势检验来确定伤害率是否随县的农村程度单调增加。使用逻辑回归来控制潜在的混杂因素。
在对年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度和医疗保险进行调整后，与大城市县相比，小城市县的伤害几率高8%（95%置信区间为1%至15%）；郊区县高20%（95%置信区间为10%至31%）；农村县高30%（95%置信区间为17%至43%）。
农村居民的非致命伤害率高于城市和郊区居民。探究这种差异有助于进一步提出关于农村伤害风险的新假设，并最终为农村居民制定更合适的干预措施。
