Abate Misganaw, Lakew Zufan
Woldia Hospital, Region 3, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 2006 Jan;44(1):27-31.
to measure the magnitude of eclampsia and its maternal and perinatal outcome.
A 5 years retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 216 eclamptic cases diagnosed, admitted and managed from October 1994 to September 1999 in the two teaching hospitals of Addis Ababa; namely Tikur Anbessa and St Paul's Hospitals.
There were 257 mothers with eclampsia treated in the given period and 35741 deliveries making the incidence of eclampsia 7.1/1000 deliveries. Eighty-four women (38.9%) had any antenatal care, 157 (72.7%) were nulli-parous and 69 (31.8%) were aged below 20. Convulsion occurred ante-partum in 133 (61.6%), intrapartum in 49 (22.7%) and postpartum in 34 (15.7%) mothers. The most frequently sited symptoms before convulsion include headache in 83.8%, visual disturbance in 41.6% and epigastric pain in 38.4% of the cases. Ninety nine (45.8%) women were delivered by cesarean section making the cesarean section rate among eclamptic mothers significantly higher than the rate among the general population, which was 16.6% at the same period. (P = 0.0001). The multiple pregnancy rate was 5.7%, which was significantly higher than the rate among the general population of 1.5% at the same time. Seventy-four mothers had repeated convulsion after admission to the hospitals and initiation of the standard treatment. Twenty-eight mothers with eclampsia died making the case fatality rate 13%. Seven mothers (3.2%) died before delivery. Forty-four Stillbirths and twenty-five early neonatal deaths occurred making the perinatal mortality rate 312.2/1000 deliveries.
Eclampsia is a common complication still associated with high level of maternal and perinatal mortality as well as morbidity. ANC coverage should be strengthened to detect preclampsia, and prevent eclampsia. Management in the hospital should be optimized to prevent recurrent convulsions and complications after admission.
测量子痫的严重程度及其孕产妇和围产期结局。
对1994年10月至1999年9月在亚的斯亚贝巴的两家教学医院（即提库尔·安贝萨医院和圣保罗医院）诊断、收治和处理的216例子痫病例进行了为期5年的回顾性描述性研究。
在给定时期内，有257名患有子痫的母亲接受了治疗，分娩总数为35741例，子痫发病率为7.1/1000次分娩。84名妇女（38.9%）接受过产前检查，157名（72.7%）为初产妇，69名（31.8%）年龄在20岁以下。133名母亲（61.6%）在产前发生抽搐，49名（22.7%）在产时发生抽搐，34名（15.7%）在产后发生抽搐。抽搐前最常见的症状包括头痛（83.8%）、视力障碍（41.6%）和上腹部疼痛（38.4%）。99名（45.8%）妇女通过剖宫产分娩，子痫母亲的剖宫产率显著高于同期普通人群的剖宫产率，普通人群剖宫产率为16.6%。（P = 0.0001）。多胎妊娠率为5.7%，显著高于同期普通人群1.5%的多胎妊娠率。74名母亲在入院并开始标准治疗后发生反复抽搐。28名患有子痫的母亲死亡，病死率为13%。7名母亲（3.2%）在分娩前死亡。发生了44例死产和25例早期新生儿死亡，围产儿死亡率为312.2/1000次分娩。
子痫是一种常见并发症，仍然与高水平的孕产妇和围产期死亡率及发病率相关。应加强产前检查覆盖率以检测先兆子痫并预防子痫。应优化医院管理以预防入院后反复抽搐和并发症。
