College of Medicine and Health science, Adigrat University, Tigray, Ethiopia.
College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Jan 18;18(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-1667-7.
Although hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the leading cause of poor perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia, there is no study that shows the national prevalence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the national pooled prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy from studies conducted in different parts of the country.
Databases; MEDLINE, PubMed, HINARI, EMBASE, Google Scholar and African Journals Online were searched by using different search terms on HDP and Ethiopia. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used for critical appraisal of studies. The analysis was done using STATA 14 software. The Cochran Q test and I test statistics were used to test heterogeneity of studies. Egger's test was used to show the publication bias. The pooled prevalence of HDP and the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval was presented using forest plots.
Seventeen studies were included in this review, with a total of 258,602 pregnant women. The overall pooled prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Ethiopia was 6.07% (95% CI: 4.83%, 7.31%). The Subgroup analysis by region and year of study showed a higher prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, 10.13% (95% CI = (8.5, 12.43)), and reduction in the rate of HDP from 1990's to 2010's, 8.54% reducing to 5.71% respectively. The pooled prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia/eclampsia alone were 6.29 and 5.47 respectively. Pregnant women ≥ 35 years old are more likely to develop hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, OR = 1.64 (95% CI = (1.18, 2.28)). No statistically significant difference was observed between HDP and younger maternal age (less than 20 years old); OR = 2.92 (95% CI = (0.88, 9.70)). There was no association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and number of pregnancy, OR = 1.37 (95% CI = 0.78, 2.41)).
The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is high in Ethiopia. The problem is more common among older pregnant women (> 35 years old). Government and other stakeholders should give due attention to an early screening of hypertension during pregnancy.
尽管妊娠高血压疾病是导致埃塞俄比亚围产期不良结局的主要原因，但尚无研究显示其全国患病率。因此，本研究旨在通过对全国不同地区进行的研究来估计妊娠高血压疾病的全国患病率。
使用不同的搜索词，在 MEDLINE、PubMed、HINARI、EMBASE、Google Scholar 和 African Journals Online 数据库中搜索 HDP 和埃塞俄比亚的相关信息。使用 Joanna Briggs 循证卫生保健中心的 Meta-分析统计评估和审查工具对研究进行批判性评价。使用 STATA 14 软件进行分析。使用 Cochran Q 检验和 I 检验统计量来检验研究的异质性。使用 Egger 检验来显示发表偏倚。使用森林图呈现妊娠高血压疾病的总体患病率和 95%置信区间的比值比 (OR)。
本综述纳入了 17 项研究，共涉及 258602 名孕妇。埃塞俄比亚妊娠高血压疾病的总体患病率为 6.07%（95%置信区间：4.83%，7.31%）。按地区和研究年份进行的亚组分析显示，南部各族州的妊娠高血压疾病患病率更高，为 10.13%（95%置信区间：8.5，12.43%），1990 年代至 2010 年代，妊娠高血压疾病的发病率从 8.54%降至 5.71%。妊娠高血压（PIH）和子痫前期/子痫的患病率分别为 6.29%和 5.47%。年龄在 35 岁及以上的孕妇更有可能患上妊娠高血压疾病，OR=1.64（95%置信区间：1.18，2.28）。与年轻产妇（<20 岁）相比，妊娠高血压疾病与产妇年龄较小（OR=2.92，95%置信区间：0.88，9.70）之间无统计学差异。妊娠高血压疾病与妊娠次数之间无关联，OR=1.37（95%置信区间：0.78，2.41）。
妊娠高血压疾病在埃塞俄比亚的患病率较高。该问题在年龄较大的孕妇（>35 岁）中更为常见。政府和其他利益攸关方应高度重视对孕妇的高血压进行早期筛查。
