Jambhekar Ashwini, Derisi Joseph L
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.
RNA. 2007 May;13(5):625-42. doi: 10.1261/rna.262607.
Asymmetric subcellular distribution of RNA is used by many organisms to establish cell polarity, differences in cell fate, or to sequester protein activity. Accurate localization of RNA requires specific sequence and/or structural elements in the localized RNA, as well as proteins that recognize these elements and link the RNA to the appropriate molecular motors. Recent advances in biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell imaging have enabled the identification of many RNA localization elements, or "zipcodes," from a variety of systems. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which various zipcodes direct RNA transport and on the known sequence/structural requirements for their recognition by transport complexes. Computational and experimental methods for predicting and identifying zipcodes are also discussed.
许多生物体利用RNA的不对称亚细胞分布来建立细胞极性、细胞命运差异或隔离蛋白质活性。RNA的准确定位需要定位RNA中的特定序列和/或结构元件，以及识别这些元件并将RNA与适当分子马达相连的蛋白质。生物化学、分子生物学和细胞成像方面的最新进展使得从各种系统中鉴定出许多RNA定位元件或“邮政编码”成为可能。本文综述聚焦于各种“邮政编码”指导RNA运输的机制以及运输复合体识别它们所需的已知序列/结构要求。还讨论了预测和识别“邮政编码”的计算方法和实验方法。
